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Engineering Toughness in a Brittle Vinyl Ester Resin Using Urethane Acrylate for Additive Manufacturing
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Engineering Toughness in a Brittle Vinyl Ester Resin Using Urethane Acrylate for Additive Manufacturing

Mohanad Idrees, Heedong Yoon, Giuseppe R. Palmese and Nicolas J. Alvarez
Polymers, v 15(17), p3501
22 Aug 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15173501
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15173501View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)CC BY V4.0,  Open

Abstract

Thermosetting polymers tend to have a stiffness–toughness trade-off due to the opposing relationship of stiffness and toughness on crosslink density. We hypothesize that engineering the polymer network, e.g., by incorporating urethane oligomers, we can improve the toughness by introducing variations in crosslink density. In this work, we show that a brittle methacrylated Bis-GMA resin (known as DA2) is toughened by adding a commercial urethane acrylate resin (known as Tenacious) in different proportions. The formulations are 3D printed using a vat photopolymerization technique, and their mechanical, thermal, and fracture properties are investigated. Our results show that a significant amount of Tenacious 60% w/w is required to produce parts with improved toughness. However, mechanical properties drop when the Tenacious amount is higher than 60% w/w. Overall, our results show that optimizing the amount of urethane acrylate can improve toughness without significantly sacrificing mechanical properties. In fact, the results show that synergistic effects in modulus and strength exist at specific blend concentrations.

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12 citations in Web of Science
7 citations in Scopus

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Web of Science research areas
Polymer Science
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