Journal article
Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax in Duffy negatives and Duffy positives from community and health centre collections in Ethiopia
Malaria journal, v 23(1), pp 76-9
14 Mar 2024
PMID: 38486245
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background Malaria remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia with an estimated 3.8 million cases in 2021 and 61% of the population living in areas at risk of malaria transmission. Throughout the country Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum are co-endemic, and Duffy expression is highly heterogeneous. The public health significance of Duffy negativity in relation to P. vivax malaria in Ethiopia, however, remains unclear. This study seeks to explore the prevalence and rates of P. vivax malaria infection across Duffy phenotypes in clinical and community settings. Methods A total of 9580 and 4667 subjects from community and health facilities from a malaria endemic site and an epidemic-prone site in western Ethiopia were enrolled and examined for P. vivax infection and Duffy expression from February 2018 to April 2021. Association between Duffy expression, P. vivax and P. falciparum infections were examined for samples collected from asymptomatic community volunteers and symptomatic subjects from health centres. Results Infection rate of P. vivax among Duffy positives was 2-22 fold higher than Duffy negatives in asymptomatic volunteers from the community. Parasite positivity rate was 10-50 fold higher in Duffy positives than Duffy negatives among samples collected from febrile patients attending health centres and mixed P. vivax and P. falciparum infections were significantly more common than P. vivax mono infections among Duffy negative individuals. Plasmodium vivax parasitaemia measured by 18sRNA parasite gene copy number was similar between Duffy positives and Duffy negatives. Conclusions Duffy negativity does not offer complete protection against infection by P. vivax, and cases of P. vivax in Duffy negatives are widespread in Ethiopia, being found in asymptomatic volunteers from communities and in febrile patients from health centres. These findings offer evidence for consideration when developing control and intervention strategies in areas of endemic P. vivax and Duffy heterogeneity.
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Details
- Title
- Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax in Duffy negatives and Duffy positives from community and health centre collections in Ethiopia
- Creators
- Lauren Bradley - University of California, IrvineDelenasaw Yewhalaw - Jimma UniversityElizabeth Hemming-Schroeder - Colorado State UniversityBrook Jeang - University of California, IrvineMing-Chieh Lee - Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USAEndalew Zemene - Jimma UniversityTeshome Degefa - Jimma UniversityEugenia Lo - Drexel UniversityChristopher King - Case Western Reserve UniversityJames Kazura - Case Western Reserve UniversityGuiyun Yan - UC Irvine Health
- Publication Details
- Malaria journal, v 23(1), pp 76-9
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 9
- Grant note
- National Institutes of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001185576000002
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85187883660
- Other Identifier
- 991022192030004721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
- Tropical Medicine