Journal article
Ex vivo Evaluation of ADC Values within Spinal Cord White Matter Tracts
American journal of neuroradiology : AJNR, v 26(2), pp 390-397
01 Feb 2005
PMID: 15709142
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background and purpose: Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of fixative on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and anisotropy within spinal cord white matter. As glutaraldehyde (GL) better preserves axonal ultrastructure as compared with paraformaldehyde (PF), we hypothesize that spinal cord white matter fixed with GL will have increased anisotropic water diffusion as compared with specimens fixed with PF.
Methods: Eleven rats were perfusion-fixed with either 4% PF or a combination of 2.5% GL and 4% PF. Diffusion-weighted imaging of the ex vivo spinal cord was performed using a 9.4T magnet with b values up to 3100 s/mm(2). In-plane resolution was 39 mum x 39 mum, and section thickness was 500 mum.
Results: Overall, animals fixed with a combination of GL and PF (GL-PF) showed a greater increase in longitudinal ADC (lADC) as compared to those fixed with PF only, without differences in transverse ADC (tADC). As a consequence of the increased lADC, overall anisotropic diffusion increased in those animals fixed with GL-PF, as measured with an anisotropy index (AI = tADC/lADC). Evaluation of specific tracts demonstrated that lADC for animals fixed with GL-PF were significantly elevated in the rubrospinal, vestibulospinal, and reticulospinal tracts as compared with animals fixed with PF only.
Conclusion: Using a fixative of GL-PL results in increased anisotropy (decreased AI values) in spinal cord white matter tracts, as compared with PF fixation only, largely owing to increases in the lADC values. This finding may be due to better fixation of intra-axonal cytoskeletal proteins that results when GL is combined with PF and sheds further light on underlying sources of anisotropic water diffusion in CNS white matter.
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Details
- Title
- Ex vivo Evaluation of ADC Values within Spinal Cord White Matter Tracts
- Creators
- Eric D. Schwartz - Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaEmily T. Cooper - Drexel UniversityChih-Liang Chin - Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaSuzanne Wehrli - Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Core Facility, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia PAAlan Tessler - the Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia PA the Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Philadelphia PADavid B. Hackney - Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital
- Publication Details
- American journal of neuroradiology : AJNR, v 26(2), pp 390-397
- Publisher
- American Society of Neuroradiology
- Number of pages
- 8
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Neurobiology and Anatomy
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000227073900030
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-30444454016
- Other Identifier
- 991019168881804721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neuroimaging
- Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging