Journal article
Excitatory amino acid transporters: keeping up with glutamate
Neurochemistry international, v 41(5), pp 313-318
Nov 2002
PMID: 12176072
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are the primary regulators of extracellular glutamate concentrations in the central nervous system. Among the five known human EAAT subtypes, the glial carriers, EAAT1 and EAAT2 have the greatest impact on clearance of glutamate released during neurotransmission. Studies of carriers expressed on neurons, Purkinje cells and photoreceptor cells (EAAT3, EAAT4 and EAAT5, respectively) suggest more subtle roles for these subtypes in regulating excitability and signalling. The data suggest that EAA transporters may influence glutamatergic transmission by regulating the amount of glutamate available to activate pre- and post-synaptic metabotropic receptors and by altering neuronal excitability through a transporter-associated anion conductance that is activated by carrier substrates. Recent studies on structural, mechanistic and physiological aspects of carrier function in a variety of model systems and organisms have led to surprising insights into how excitatory amino acid transporters shape cellular communication in the nervous system.
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Details
- Title
- Excitatory amino acid transporters: keeping up with glutamate
- Creators
- Susan G Amara - Oregon Health & Science UniversityAndreia C K Fontana - Oregon Health & Science University
- Publication Details
- Neurochemistry international, v 41(5), pp 313-318
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Pharmacology and Physiology
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000178161300005
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-0035993231
- Other Identifier
- 991020099307004721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
- Neurosciences