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Journal article
Expiring Eviction Moratoriums and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality
American journal of epidemiology, Vol.190(12), pp.2503-2510
01 Dec 2021
PMID: 34309643
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated economic crisis have placed millions of US households at risk of eviction. Evictions may accelerate COVID-19 transmission by decreasing individuals' ability to socially distance. We leveraged variation in the expiration of eviction moratoriums in US states to test for associations between evictions and COVID-19 incidence and mortality. The study included 44 US states that instituted eviction moratoriums, followed from March 13 to September 3, 2020. We modeled associations using a difference-in-difference approach with an event-study specification. Negative binomial regression models of cases and deaths included fixed effects for state and week and controlled for time-varying indicators of testing, stay-at-home orders, school closures, and mask mandates. COVID-19 incidence and mortality increased steadily in states after eviction moratoriums expired, and expiration was associated with a doubling of COVID-19 incidence (incidence rate ratio = 2.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 3.9) and a 5-fold increase in COVID-19 mortality (mortality rate ratio = 5.4; CI: 3.1, 9.3) 16 weeks after moratoriums lapsed. These results imply an estimated 433,700 excess cases (CI: 365,200, 502,200) and 10,700 excess deaths (CI: 8,900, 12,500) nationally by September 3, 2020. The expiration of eviction moratoriums was associated with increased COVID-19 incidence and mortality, supporting the public-health rationale for eviction prevention to limit COVID-19 cases and deaths.
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Details
- Title
- Expiring Eviction Moratoriums and COVID-19 Incidence and Mortality
- Creators
- Kathryn M. Leifheit - University of California, Los AngelesSabriya L. Linton - Johns Hopkins UniversityJulia Raifman - Boston UniversityGabriel L. Schwartz - University of California, San FranciscoEmily A. Benfer - Wake Forest UniversityFrederick J. Zimmerman - University of California, Los AngelesCraig Evan Pollack - Johns Hopkins University
- Publication Details
- American journal of epidemiology, Vol.190(12), pp.2503-2510
- Publisher
- Oxford Univ Press
- Number of pages
- 8
- Grant note
- 1UL1TR001430 / National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences through the Boston University Clinical and Translational Science Institute Pew Charitable Trusts' Civil Legal System Modernization Initiative AHRQ 2T32HS000046 / Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; United States Department of Health & Human Services; Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Evidence for Action program
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Urban Health Collaborative
- Identifiers
- 991021970699104721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health