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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Exposure to air pollution in early childhood and the association with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Environmental research, v 183, 108930
01 Apr 2020
PMID: 31810593
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution in early life has been linked to cognitive deficits and adverse neurodevelopmental effects. However, studies examining associations between air pollutants and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have had conflicting findings.
Individuals born in Denmark 1992–2007 (n = 809,654) were followed for the development of ADHD from 1997 to 2013. Data on daily concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from air-modeling data at a 1 km × 1 km resolution at residences within the first five years of life, was linked with population-based data from the Danish national registers, including data on clinical diagnoses of ADHD. We estimated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for ADHD, according to increases in exposures, adjusting for age, year, sex, and parental education and income.
Exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 during early life was associated with a significantly increased risk of ADHD: IRR of 1.38 (Cl: 1.35 to 1.42) per 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 and an IRR of 1.51 (Cl: 1.41 to 1.62) per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. In two-pollutant models, the association between NO2 and ADHD did not change (IRR 1.35; 95% CI: 1.31 to 1.39), while the association with PM2.5 was substantially attenuated (IRR 1.07; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.16), although in stratified models an elevated association with PM2.5 was found in the lowest quintile of NO2 exposure.
In this large nationwide prospective cohort study, residential air pollution exposure, specifically NO2, during early childhood was associated with the development of ADHD, even when adjusted for parental level of income and education.
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Details
- Title
- Exposure to air pollution in early childhood and the association with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Creators
- Malene Thygesen - Lundbeck FoundationGitte Juel Holst - Aarhus UniversityBirgitte Hansen - Geological Survey of Denmark and GreenlandCamilla Geels - Aarhus UniversityAmy Kalkbrenner - University of Wisconsin–MilwaukeeDiana Schendel - Aarhus UniversityJørgen Brandt - Aarhus UniversityCarsten Bøcker Pedersen - Aarhus UniversitySøren Dalsgaard - Aarhus University
- Publication Details
- Environmental research, v 183, 108930
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000526177500004
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85076628011
- Other Identifier
- 991021463677304721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Environmental Sciences
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health