Journal article
Fatty acid-based monomers as styrene replacements for liquid molding resins
Polymer (Guilford), v 45(22), pp 7729-7737
13 Oct 2004
Abstract
One method of reducing styrene emissions from vinyl ester (VE) and unsaturated polyester resins (UPE) is to replace some or all of the styrene with fatty acid-based monomers. Methacrylated fatty acid (MFA) monomers are ideal candidates because they are inexpensive, have low volatilities, and free-radically polymerize with vinyl ester. The viscosity of VE resins using these fatty acid monomers ranged from 700–2000cP, which is considerably higher than that of VE/styrene resins (∼100cP). In addition, the Tg of VE/MFA polymers were only on the order of 80°C, which is significantly lower than that of VE/styrene polymers. Decreasing the length of the base fatty acid chains from 18 to 12 carbon atoms improved the Tg by 20°C, while lowing the resin viscosity from ∼2500 to ∼1000cP. Residual unsaturation sites on the fatty acid backbone decreased the cure rate of the resins thereby decreasing polymer properties. Ternary blends of VE, styrene, and fatty acid monomers also effectively improved the flexural, fracture, and thermo-mechanical properties and reduced the resin viscosity to acceptable levels, while using less than 15wt% styrene, far less than commercial VE resins.
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Details
- Title
- Fatty acid-based monomers as styrene replacements for liquid molding resins
- Creators
- John J La Scala - Department of Chemical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAJames M Sands - Army Research Labs, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD 21005-5069, USAJoshua A Orlicki - Army Research Labs, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD 21005-5069, USAE. Jason Robinette - Department of Chemical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USAGiuseppe R Palmese - Department of Chemical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Publication Details
- Polymer (Guilford), v 45(22), pp 7729-7737
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Chemical and Biological Engineering
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000224497900037
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-4644313044
- Other Identifier
- 991014878063504721
InCites Highlights
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Polymer Science