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Journal article
Fatty acids in energy metabolism of the central nervous system
BioMed research international, v 2014, pp 472459-22
2014
PMID: 24883315
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
In this review, we analyze the current hypotheses regarding energy metabolism in the neurons and astroglia. Recently, it was shown that up to 20% of the total brain's energy is provided by mitochondrial oxidation of fatty acids. However, the existing hypotheses consider glucose, or its derivative lactate, as the only main energy substrate for the brain. Astroglia metabolically supports the neurons by providing lactate as a substrate for neuronal mitochondria. In addition, a significant amount of neuromediators, glutamate and GABA, is transported into neurons and also serves as substrates for mitochondria. Thus, neuronal mitochondria may simultaneously oxidize several substrates. Astrocytes have to replenish the pool of neuromediators by synthesis de novo, which requires large amounts of energy. In this review, we made an attempt to reconcile β-oxidation of fatty acids by astrocytic mitochondria with the existing hypothesis on regulation of aerobic glycolysis. We suggest that, under condition of neuronal excitation, both metabolic pathways may exist simultaneously. We provide experimental evidence that isolated neuronal mitochondria may oxidize palmitoyl carnitine in the presence of other mitochondrial substrates. We also suggest that variations in the brain mitochondrial metabolic phenotype may be associated with different mtDNA haplogroups.
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Details
- Title
- Fatty acids in energy metabolism of the central nervous system
- Creators
- Alexander Panov - Institute of Molecular Biology and BiophysicsZulfiya Orynbayeva - Drexel UniversityValentin Vavilin - Institute of Molecular Biology and BiophysicsVyacheslav Lyakhovich - Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics
- Publication Details
- BioMed research international, v 2014, pp 472459-22
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Surgery
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000336203200001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84901750107
- Other Identifier
- 991019167411104721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
- Medicine, Research & Experimental