Logo image
Genetic enhancement of visual learning by activation of protein kinase C pathways in small groups of rat cortical neurons
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Genetic enhancement of visual learning by activation of protein kinase C pathways in small groups of rat cortical neurons

Guo-Rong Zhang, Xiaodan Wang, Lingxin Kong, Xiu-Gui Lu, Brian Lee, Meng Liu, Mei Sun, Corinna Franklin, Robert G Cook and Alfred I Geller
The Journal of neuroscience, v 25(37), pp 8468-8481
14 Sep 2005
PMID: 16162929
url
https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2271-05.2005View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Protein Kinase C - genetics Cerebral Cortex - enzymology Rats Protein Kinase C - deficiency Learning - physiology Animals Protein Kinase C - metabolism Neurons - enzymology Neurons - physiology Cerebral Cortex - physiology Models, Animal Enzyme Activation Photic Stimulation
Although learning and memory theories hypothesize that memories are encoded by specific circuits, it has proven difficult to localize learning within a cortical area. Neural network theories predict that activation of a small fraction of the neurons in a circuit can activate that circuit. Consequently, altering the physiology of a small group of neurons might potentiate a specific circuit and enhance learning, thereby localizing learning to that circuit. In this study, we activated protein kinase C (PKC) pathways in small groups of neurons in rat postrhinal (POR) cortex. We microinjected helper virus-free herpes simplex virus vectors that expressed a constitutively active PKC into POR cortex. This PKC was expressed predominantly in glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in POR cortex. This intervention increased phosphorylation of five PKC substrates that play critical roles in neurotransmitter release (GAP-43 and dynamin) or glutamatergic neurotransmission (specific subunits of AMPA or NMDA receptors and myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate). Additionally, activation of PKC pathways in cultured cortical neurons supported activation-dependent increases in release of glutamate and GABA. This intervention enhanced the learning rate and accuracy of visual object discriminations. In individual rats, the numbers of transfected neurons positively correlated with this learning. During learning, neuronal activity was increased in neurons proximal to the transfected neurons. These results demonstrate that potentiating small groups of glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons in POR cortex enhances visual object learning. More generally, these results suggest that learning can be mediated by specific cortical circuits.

Metrics

12 Record Views
41 citations in Scopus

Details

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#3 Good Health and Well-Being

InCites Highlights

Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:

Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Neurosciences
Logo image