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Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonist use is not associated with increased reoperation risk following rotator cuff repair
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonist use is not associated with increased reoperation risk following rotator cuff repair

Spencer Thomas Rasmussen and Asif M Ilyas
Journal of orthopaedics, v 70, pp 235-240
Dec 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2025.08.016
Featured in Collection :   Research Supported by Drexel Libraries' OA Programs
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jor.2025.08.016View
Published, Version of Record (VoR)Open Access via Drexel Libraries Read and Publish Program 2025CC BY V4.0,  Open

Abstract

Objectives The use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is increasingly common among orthopaedic patients, often prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, which are frequent comorbidities. Recent studies have explored the effects of GLP-1's on postoperative outcomes in orthopaedic procedures. This study evaluates the impact of GLP-1 on re-operation risk following rotator cuff repair (RCR). Methods A retrospective cohort analysis of patients aged 18 and older from 2014 to 2024 was conducted using the TriNetX US collaborative network. Patients with documented RCR and no prior GLP-1 use were included in the control group. Those taking semaglutide, dulaglutide, or liraglutide for at least 3 months before RCR comprised the GLP-1 group. After comparing baseline characteristics, cohorts were matched based on selected covariates. Outcomes were compared using risk ratios (RR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CI). A subgroup analysis by GLP-1 indication (type 2 diabetes or weight loss) was performed. Results Propensity score matching yielded well-balanced cohorts of 5306 patients. Subgroup analysis included 781 patients per group. At 3, 6, and 12 months post-RCR, the control group showed no difference in reoperation risk. In a sub-analysis of the GLP-1 group, those receiving it for diabetes, compared to obesity, showed an increased risk of adhesive capsulitis at 3 months (RR = 2.20, 95 % CI [1.05–4.62], P = 0.0321). Conclusion The use of GLP-1 was not associated with a higher reoperation risk after RCR, suggesting that these medications can safely be taken leading up to RCR. However, increased short-term risks in diabetes patients highlight the need for individualized care and further study of GLP-1 effects on orthopaedic outcomes.

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Orthopedics
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