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Growth conditions of tree species relative to climate change and sea level rise in low-lying Mid Atlantic coastal forests
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Growth conditions of tree species relative to climate change and sea level rise in low-lying Mid Atlantic coastal forests

Lee Ann Haaf and Salli F. Dymond
Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, v 7, 1362650
28 Aug 2024
url
https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2024.1362650View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Environmental Sciences & Ecology Life Sciences & Biomedicine Science & Technology Ecology Forestry
Introduction Coastal forests occupy low-lying elevations, typically adjacent to tidal salt marshes. Exposed to increased flooding with sea level rise, coastal forests have retreated as salt marshes advance upslope. Coastal forests likely currently experience periodic tidal flooding, but whether they temporarily accommodate or quickly succumb to rising sea level under changing climatic conditions remains a complex question. Disentangling how tidal flooding and climate affect tree growth is important for gauging which coastal forests are most at risk of loss with increasing sea levels.Methods Here, dendrochronology was used to study tree growth relative to climate variables and tidal flooding. Specifically, gradients in environmental conditions were compared to species-specific (Pinus taeda, Pinus rigida, Ilex opaca) growth in coastal forests of two estuaries (Delaware and Barnegat Bays). Gradient boosted linear regression, a machine learning approach, was used to investigate tree growth responses across gradients in temperature, precipitation, and tidal water levels. Whether tree ring widths increased or decreased with changes in each parameter was compared to predictions for seasonal climate and mean high water level to identify potential vulnerabilities.Results These comparisons suggested that climate change as well as increased flood frequency will have mixed, and often non-linear, effects on coastal forests. Variation in responses was observed across sites and within species, supporting that site-specific conditions have a strong influence on coastal forest response to environmental change.Discussion Site- and species-specific factors will be important considerations for managing coastal forests given increasing tidal flood frequencies and climatic changes.

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#14 Life Below Water
#13 Climate Action

Source: SDGs in the Output

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Ecology
Forestry
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