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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
HIV-1 cure strategies: why CRISPR?
Expert opinion on biological therapy, v 21(6), pp 781-793
03 Jun 2021
PMID: 33331178
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed prognoses for HIV-1-infected individuals but requires lifelong adherence to prevent viral resurgence. Targeted elimination or permanent deactivation of the latently infected reservoir harboring integrated proviral DNA, which drives viral rebound, is a major focus of HIV-1 research.
This review covers the current approaches to developing curative strategies for HIV-1 that target the latent reservoir. Discussed herein are shock and kill, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), block and lock, Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, immune checkpoint modulation, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) coreceptor ablation, and CRISPR/Cas9 proviral excision. Emphasis is placed on CRISPR/Cas9 proviral excision/inactivation. Recent advances and future directions toward discovery and translation of HIV-1 therapeutics are discussed.
CRISPR/Cas9 proviral targeting fills a niche amongst HIV-1 cure strategies by directly targeting the integrated provirus without the necessity of an innate or adaptive immune response. Each strategy discussed in this review has shown promising results with the potential to yield curative or adjuvant therapies. CRISPR/Cas9 is singular among these in that it addresses the root of the problem, integrated proviral DNA, with the capacity to permanently remove or deactivate the source of HIV-1 recrudescence.
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Details
- Title
- HIV-1 cure strategies: why CRISPR?
- Creators
- Andrew J. Atkins - Drexel UniversityAlexander G. Allen - Drexel UniversityWill Dampier - Drexel UniversityElias K. Haddad - Drexel UniversityMichael R. Nonnemacher - Drexel UniversityBrian Wigdahl - Drexel University
- Publication Details
- Expert opinion on biological therapy, v 21(6), pp 781-793
- Publisher
- Taylor & Francis
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Microbiology and Immunology; Infectious Diseases (and HIV Medicine)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000615870100001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85100776903
- Other Identifier
- 991019169642004721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
- Medicine, Research & Experimental