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Host-microbe multiomic profiling identifies distinct COVID-19 immune dysregulation in solid organ transplant recipients
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Host-microbe multiomic profiling identifies distinct COVID-19 immune dysregulation in solid organ transplant recipients

Harry Pickering, Joanna Schaenman, Hoang Van Phan, Cole Maguire, Alexandra Tsitsiklis, Nadine Rouphael, Nelson Iván Agudelo Higuita, Mark A Atkinson, Scott Brakenridge, Monica Fung, …
Nature communications, v 16(1), 586
10 Jan 2025
PMID: 39794319
url
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-55823-zView
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Adult Aged Antibodies, Viral - blood Antibodies, Viral - immunology Chemokines - blood COVID-19 - genetics COVID-19 - immunology COVID-19 - virology Female Host Microbial Interactions - genetics Host Microbial Interactions - immunology Humans Immunity, Innate Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunoglobulin G - immunology Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies SARS-CoV-2 - immunology SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification Transplant Recipients Viral Load Organ Transplantation
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses significant risks for solid organ transplant recipients, who have atypical but poorly characterized immune responses to infection. We aim to understand the host immunologic and microbial features of COVID-19 in transplant recipients by leveraging a prospective multicenter cohort of 86 transplant recipients age- and sex-matched with 172 non-transplant controls. We find that transplant recipients have higher nasal SARS-CoV-2 viral abundance and impaired viral clearance, and lower anti-spike IgG levels. In addition, transplant recipients exhibit decreased plasmablasts and transitional B cells, and increased senescent T cells. Blood and nasal transcriptional profiling demonstrate unexpected upregulation of innate immune signaling pathways and increased levels of several proinflammatory serum chemokines. Severe disease in transplant recipients, however, is characterized by a less robust induction of pro-inflammatory genes and chemokines. Together, our study reveals distinct immune features and altered viral dynamics in solid organ transplant recipients.

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Transplantation
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