Journal article
Imaging Metabolically Active Fat: A Literature Review and Mechanistic Insights
International journal of molecular sciences, v 20(21), p5509
01 Nov 2019
PMID: 31694216
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Currently, obesity is one of the leading causes death in the world. Shortly before 2000, researchers began describing metabolically active adipose tissue on cancer-surveillance F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in adult humans. This tissue generates heat through mitochondrial uncoupling and functions similar to classical brown and beige adipose tissue in mice. Despite extensive research, human brown/beige fat's role in resistance to obesity in humans has not yet been fully delineated. FDG uptake is the de facto gold standard imaging technique when studying brown adipose tissue, although it has not been rigorously compared to other techniques. We, therefore, present a concise review of established and emerging methods to image brown adipose tissue activity in humans. Reviewed modalities include anatomic imaging with CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); molecular imaging with FDG, fatty acids, and acetate; and emerging techniques. FDG-PET/CT is the most commonly used modality because of its widespread use in cancer imaging, but there are mechanistic reasons to believe other radiotracers may be more sensitive and accurate at detecting brown adipose tissue activity. Radiation-free modalities may help the longitudinal study of brown adipose tissue activity in the future.
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Details
- Title
- Imaging Metabolically Active Fat: A Literature Review and Mechanistic Insights
- Creators
- Joseph Frankl - The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterAmber Sherwood - The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDeborah J. Clegg - Drexel UniversityPhilipp E. Scherer - The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterOrhan K. Oz - The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Publication Details
- International journal of molecular sciences, v 20(21), p5509
- Publisher
- Mdpi
- Number of pages
- 21
- Grant note
- I-17-ICTS-05 / American Diabetes Association
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000498946100267
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85074624179
- Other Identifier
- 991019357777004721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
- Chemistry, Multidisciplinary