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Impact of natural versus mechanical ventilation on simulated indoor air quality and energy consumption in offices in fourteen US cities
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Impact of natural versus mechanical ventilation on simulated indoor air quality and energy consumption in offices in fourteen US cities

Tom Ben-David and Michael S. Waring
Building and environment, v 104, pp 320-336
01 Aug 2016
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2016.05.007View
Accepted (AM)Open Access (Publisher-Specific) Open

Abstract

Construction & Building Technology Engineering Engineering, Civil Engineering, Environmental Science & Technology Technology
This study simulated the impacts of natural versus mechanical ventilation in offices on indoor concentrations of key pollutants, as well as energy usage. A typical office building was modeled in EnergyPlus in fourteen U.S. cities to assess the energy use and airflows delivered by an ideal variable air volume (VAV) system in a range of climates. Two mechanical ventilation strategies (minimum; minimum + economizer control) were modeled, as well as two analogous natural ventilation strategies, which used a fan-driven recirculation hybrid system to maintain setpoints if necessary. Outputted hourly ventilation, recirculation, and infiltration rates were used in an indoor air model with city specific outdoor monitoring data to compute indoor concentrations of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and fine particles (PM2.5). Natural ventilation decreased energy use, due to a wider temperature setpoint band for natural ventilation scenarios and somewhat lower fan energy use. Indoor concentrations and indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratios of all pollutants were similar for analogous strategies, except PM2.5, which was reduced by filtration in the supply air. Median PM2.5 I/O ratios were a factor of 1.2, 2.2, and 6.3 larger for natural versus mechanical ventilation strategies with MERV 8, 11, and 16 filters, respectively. The filtration impact was so strong that PM2,5 I/O ratios differed little between mechanical minimum and economizing strategies, especially as filter efficiency increased. These results can be used to understand tradeoffs of energy and indoor air pollution trends of natural versus mechanical ventilation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#13 Climate Action
#11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
#7 Affordable and Clean Energy

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Web of Science research areas
Construction & Building Technology
Engineering, Civil
Engineering, Environmental
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