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Impaired growth plate chondrogenesis in children with chronic illnesses
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Impaired growth plate chondrogenesis in children with chronic illnesses

Francesco De Luca and Francesco DeLuca
Pediatric research, v 59(5), pp 625-629
May 2006
PMID: 16627871
url
https://doi.org/10.1203/01.pdr.0000214966.60416.1bView
Published, Version of Record (VoR)Maybe Open Access (Publisher Bronze) Open

Abstract

Acidosis - pathology Animals Bone Development - drug effects Bone Development - physiology Child Chondrogenesis - drug effects Chondrogenesis - physiology Chronic Disease Glucocorticoids - adverse effects Growth Disorders - chemically induced Growth Disorders - pathology Growth Hormone - physiology Growth Plate - drug effects Growth Plate - pathology Growth Plate - physiopathology Human Growth Hormone - physiology Humans Inflammation - pathology Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - physiology Malabsorption Syndromes - pathology Mice Protein-Energy Malnutrition - pathology Uremia - pathology
In mammals, statural growth is primarily accomplished by endochondral ossification, which takes place at the growth plate. Growth plate chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy/differentiation, apoptosis, and cartilage matrix synthesis all contribute to chondrogenesis or cartilage formation, a process tightly coupled to the simultaneous remodeling of the cartilage into bone at the metaphyseal border of the growth plate. Growth plate chondrogenesis is regulated by the complex interaction of molecular signals acting systemically as well locally within the growth plate. This network is often dysregulated during chronic illnesses, thus resulting in impaired growth plate chondrogenesis and, in turn, growth failure. The principal events responsible for altered growth plate chondrogenesis in chronic illness are inflammation, protein/calorie deprivation, uremia/metabolic acidosis, glucocorticoids, and impaired GH/IGF-I axis.

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