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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Improvement in Academic Behaviors After Successful Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency
Optometry and vision science, v 89(1), pp 12-18
01 Jan 2012
PMID: 22080400
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Purpose. To determine whether treatment of symptomatic convergence insufficiency (CI) has an effect on Academic Behavior Survey (ABS) scores.
Methods. The ABS is a six-item survey developed by the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial Group that quantifies the frequency of adverse school behaviors and parental concern about school performance on an ordinal scale from 0 (never) to 4 (always) with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. The ABS was administered at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment to the parents of 218 children aged 9 to 17 years with symptomatic CI, who were enrolled in the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial and randomized into (1) home-based pencil push-ups; (2) home-based computer vergence/accommodative therapy and pencil push-ups; (3) office-based vergence/accommodative therapy with home reinforcement; and (4) office-based placebo therapy with home reinforcement. Participants were classified as successful (n = 42), improved (n = 60), or non-responder (n = 116) at the completion of 12 weeks of treatment using a composite measure of the symptom score, nearpoint of convergence, and positive fusional vergence. Analysis of covariance methods were used to compare the mean change in ABS between response to treatment groups while controlling for the ABS score at baseline.
Results. The mean ABS score for the entire group at baseline was 12.85 (SD = 6.3). The mean ABS score decreased (improved) in those categorized as successful, improved, and non-responder by 4.0, 2.9, and 1.3 points, respectively. The improvement in the ABS score was significantly related to treatment outcome (p < 0.0001), with the ABS score being significantly lower (better) for children who were successful or improved after treatment as compared to children who were non-responders (p = 0.002 and 0.043, respectively).
Conclusions. A successful or improved outcome after CI treatment was associated with a reduction in the frequency of adverse academic behaviors and parental concern associated with reading and school work as reported by parents. (Optom Vis Sci 2012; 89: 12-18)
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Details
- Title
- Improvement in Academic Behaviors After Successful Treatment of Convergence Insufficiency
- Creators
- Eric Borsting - Marshall B. Ketchum UniversityG. Lynn Mitchell - The Ohio State UniversityMarjean Taylor Kulp - The Ohio State UniversityMitchell Scheiman - Salus UniversityDeborah M. Amster - Nova Southeastern UniversitySusan Cotter - So Calif Coll Optometry, Fullerton, CA 92831 USARachael A. Coulter - Nova Southeastern UniversityGregory Fecho - Nova Southeastern UniversityMichael F. Gallaway - Salus UniversityDavid Granet - Univ Calif San Diego, Abraham Ratner Childrens Eye Ctr, San Diego, CA 92103 USARichard Hertle - Ohio UniversityJacqueline Rodena - Nova Southeastern UniversityTomohiko Yamada - Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USACITT Study Grp
- Publication Details
- Optometry and vision science, v 89(1), pp 12-18
- Publisher
- Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
- Number of pages
- 7
- Grant note
- U10EY014712; U10EY014709; U10EY014676; U10EY014659; U10EY014715; U10EY014706; U10EY014713; U10EY014716; U10EY014710 / NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI) EY014713; EY014659; EY014716; EY014715; EY014709; EY014710; EY014676; EY014706; EY014712 / National Eye Institute, National Institute of Health, DHHS U10
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Pennsylvania College of Optometry (PCO)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000298669700003
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84855351622
- Other Identifier
- 991021900612904721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Ophthalmology