Journal article
Increasing temperature accelerates Ti-6Al-4V oxide degradation and selective dissolution: An Arrhenius-based analysis
Acta biomaterialia, v 178, pp 352-365
01 Apr 2024
PMID: 38417644
Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V selective dissolution occurs in vivo on orthopedic implants as the leading edge of a pitting corrosion attack. A gap persists in our fundamental understanding of selective dissolution and pre-clinical tests fail to reproduce this damage. While CoCrMo clinical use decreases, Ti-6Al-4V and the crevice geometries where corrosion can occur remain ubiquitous in implant design. Additionally, most additively manufactured devices cleared by the FDA use Ti-6Al-4V. Accelerated preclinical testing, therefore, would aid in the evaluation of new titanium devices and biomaterials. In this study, using temperature, we (1) developed an accelerated pre-clinical methodology to rapidly induce dissolution and (2) investigated the structure-property relationship between the dissolving surface and the oxide layer. We hypothesized that solution temperature and H 2 O 2 concentration would accelerate oxide degradation, increase corrosion kinetics and decrease experimental times. To assess this effect, we selected temperatures above (45 degrees C), below (24 degrees C), and at (37 degrees C) physiological levels. Then, we acquired electrochemical impedance spectra during active ,B dissolution, showing significant decreases in oxide polarization resistance (R p ) both over time ( p = 0.0 0 0) and as temperature increased ( p = 0.0 0 0). Next, using the impedance response as a guide, we quantified the extent of selective dissolution in scanning electron micrographs. As the temperature increased, the corrosion rate increased in an Arrhenius -dependent manner. Last, we identified three surface classes as the oxide properties changed: undissolved, transition and dissolved. These results indicate a concentration and temperature dependent structure-property relationship between the solution, the protective oxide film, and the substrate alloy. Additionally, we show how supraphysiological temperatures induce structurally similar dissolution to tests run at 37 degrees C in less experimental time. Statement of significance Within modular taper junctions of total hip replacement systems, retrieval studies document severe corrosion including Ti-6AL-4V selective dissolution. Current pre-clinical tests and ASTM standards fail to reproduce this damage, preventing accurate screening of titanium-based biomaterials and implant designs. In this study, we induce selective dissolution using accelerated temperatures. Building off previous work, we use electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to rapidly monitor the oxide film during dissolution. We elucidate components of the dissolution mechanism, where oxide degradation precedes pit nucleation within the ,B phase. Using an Arrhenius approach, we relate these accelerated testing conditions to more physiologically relevant solution concentrations. In total, this study shows the importance of including adverse electrochemical events like cathodic activation and inflammatory species in pre-clinical testing. (c) 2024 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Details
- Title
- Increasing temperature accelerates Ti-6Al-4V oxide degradation and selective dissolution: An Arrhenius-based analysis
- Creators
- Michael A. Kurtz - Medical University of South CarolinaKazzandra Alaniz - Clemson UniversityLilliana M. Taylor - Medical University of South CarolinaAldo Moreno-Reyes - Medical University of South CarolinaJeremy L. Gilbert - Medical University of South Carolina
- Publication Details
- Acta biomaterialia, v 178, pp 352-365
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 14
- Grant note
- Wyss en-dowment and DePuy Synthes
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science, and Health Systems
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001221140000001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85187387253
- Other Identifier
- 991022038959704721
InCites Highlights
Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:
- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Engineering, Biomedical
- Materials Science, Biomaterials