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Interfacial Engineering of 2D–2D CdIn2S4/Ti3C2 Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Interfacial Engineering of 2D–2D CdIn2S4/Ti3C2 Heterojunctions for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation

Sanmilan Jyoti Kalita, Hafijul Islam, Sagar Varangane, B. Moses Abraham, Ujjwal Pal and Lakshi Saikia
Small methods, v 9(12), 2500715
01 Dec 2025
PMID: 40583397

Abstract

2D–2D heterojunctions CdIn2S4 photocatalysis photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) Ti3C2 MXenes
Utilization of solar energy through wireless water‐splitting technology offers a promising pathway toward a sustainable and environmentally conscious future. The rational design of 2D–2D heterojunctions leverages synergistic effects to optimize charge carrier dynamics, thereby boosting photocatalytic activity. In this study, well‐engineered heterojunction Ti3C2/CdIn2S4 (TCIS) nanocomposites are synthesized via an in situ hydrothermal method and employed in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE). The hydrogen evolution rate of 9.799 mmol g−1 h−1 surpasses previously reported MXene‐based materials, and is 26 times higher than pristine CdIn2S4, with an AQE of 6.4% under 420 nm light irradiation. Optimizing the electronic structure of active metal sites enhances rapid electron transport and synergistic proton reduction. With insights from DFT and KPFM studies, an efficient charge transfer pathway, with electron accumulation on Ti3C2 and depletion on CdIn2S4 are revealed. This study highlights the critical role of interfacial engineering in MXenes for accelerating water dissociation and presents a promising strategy for the development of high‐performance materials for future energy applications. In situ synthesized 2D–2D heterojunctions of Ti3C2/CdIn2S4 demonstrate an excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 9.799 mmol g−1 h−1, which is 26 times higher than pristine CdIn2S4, with an AQE of 6.4% under 420 nm light. The heterostructure enables efficient charge separation and sustained activity over multiple cycles, which highlights its promise for stable, solar‐driven water‐splitting applications.

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