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Journal article
Intersection of neighborhood dynamics and socioeconomic status in small-area walkability: the Heart Healthy Hoods project
International journal of health geographics, v 16(1), pp 21-21
06 Jun 2017
PMID: 28587623
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background: Previous studies found a complex relationship between area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and walkability. These studies did not include neighborhood dynamics. Our aim was to study the association between area-level SES and walkability in the city of Madrid (Spain) evaluating the potential effect modification of neighborhood dynamics.
Methods: All census sections of the city of Madrid (n = 2415) were included. Area-level SES was measured using a composite index of 7 indicators in 4 domains (education, wealth, occupation and living conditions). Two neighborhood dynamics factors were computed: gentrification, proxied by change in education levels in the previous 10 years, and neighborhood age, proxied by median year of construction of housing units in the area. Walkability was measured using a composite index of 4 indicators (Residential Density, Population Density, Retail Destinations and Street Connectivity). We modeled the association using linear mixed models with random intercepts.
Results: Area-level SES and walkability were inversely and significantly associated. Areas with lower SES showed the highest walkability. This pattern did not hold for areas with an increase in education level, where the association was flat (no decrease in walkability with higher SES). Moreover, the association was attenuated in newly built areas: the association was stronger in areas built before 1975, weaker in areas built between 1975 and 1990 and flat in areas built from 1990 on.
Conclusion: Areas with higher neighborhood socioeconomic status had lower walkability in Madrid. This disadvantage in walkability was not present in recently built or gentrified areas.
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Details
- Title
- Intersection of neighborhood dynamics and socioeconomic status in small-area walkability: the Heart Healthy Hoods project
- Creators
- Pedro Gullon - Escuela Nacional de SanidadUsama Bilal - BloombergAlba Cebrecos - University of AlcaláHannah M. Badland - Center for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, 3000 VIC, Australia.Inaki Galan - Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIManuel Franco - Bloomberg
- Publication Details
- International journal of health geographics, v 16(1), pp 21-21
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 9
- Grant note
- Enrique Najera grant for Young Epidemiologists (12th edition) - Sociedad Espanola NSW Health HCF Research Foundation 1061404 / National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Centre of Research Excellence in Healthy, Liveable Communities; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia 9100001 / Australian Prevention Partnership Centre Australian National Preventive Health Agency Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future-Lerner Fellowship Hospitals' Contribution Fund of Australia ACT Health 336893 / European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP)/ERC Starting Grant HeartHealthyHoods VicHealth Obra Social La Caixa; La Caixa Foundation NHMRC; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Urban Health Collaborative
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000403293200001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85020258488
- Other Identifier
- 991019189015904721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health