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Journal article
Late Cenozoic cooling restructured global marine plankton communities
NATURE, v 614(7949), p713
23 Feb 2023
PMID: 36792824
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
The geographic ranges of marine organisms, including planktonic foraminifera(1), diatoms, dinoflagellates(2), copepods(3) and fish(4), are shifting polewards owing to anthropogenic climate change(5). However, the extent to which species will move and whether these poleward range shifts represent precursor signals that lead to extinction is unclear(6). Understanding the development of marine biodiversity patterns over geological time and the factors that influence them are key to contextualizing these current trends. The fossil record of the macroperforate planktonic foraminifera provides a rich and phylogenetically resolved dataset that provides unique opportunities for understanding marine biogeography dynamics and how species distributions have responded to ancient climate changes. Here we apply a bipartite network approach to quantify group diversity, latitudinal specialization and latitudinal equitability for planktonic foraminifera over the past eight million years using Triton, a recently developed high-resolution global dataset of planktonic foraminiferal occurrences(7). The results depict a global, clade-wide shift towards the Equator in ecological and morphological community equitability over the past eight million years in response to temperature changes during the late Cenozoic bipolar ice sheet formation. Collectively, the Triton data indicate the presence of a latitudinal equitability gradient among planktonic foraminiferal functional groups which is coupled to the latitudinal biodiversity gradient only through the geologically recent past (the past two million years). Before this time, latitudinal equitability gradients indicate that higher latitudes promoted community equitability across ecological and morphological groups. Observed range shifts among marine planktonic microorganisms(1,2,8) in the recent and geological past suggest substantial poleward expansion of marine communities even under the most conservative future global warming scenarios.
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Details
- Title
- Late Cenozoic cooling restructured global marine plankton communities
- Publication Details
- NATURE, v 614(7949), p713
- Publisher
- NATURE PORTFOLIO; BERLIN
- Grant note
- A.W. and C.M.L. were supported by the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, A.S. and W.F.F. were supported by the University of Maryland (UMD) and A.J.F. receives funding from NSERC through DGECR-2022-00141 and RGPIN-2022-03305. A.S. additionally acknowledges training and technical support from the COMBINE programme at UMD, the James S. McDonnell Foundation (JSMF), and the Society of Fellows at Harvard University. The authors thank the University of Leeds; the creators of the Triton dataset (to which A.W. also contributed): I. Fenton, T. Aze, D. Lazarus, J. Renaudie, A. Dunhill, J. Young and E. Saupe; the International Ocean Discovery Program, and all predecessor scientific ocean drilling programmes and staff; and P. Pearson, B. Huber, J. Partin, S. D'Hondt and M. Leckie for scientific discussion of the manuscript.
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Drexel University
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000933681400012
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85147315959
- Other Identifier
- 991021861279304721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Ecology