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Lead-Dx: Development and evaluation of a simulation-based education codesign framework to address diagnostic excellence for all
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Lead-Dx: Development and evaluation of a simulation-based education codesign framework to address diagnostic excellence for all

Leah Burt, Bob Kiser, Joy V. Goldsmith, Cristina Gonzalez, Susan Corbridge, Welcome Jerde, Kate Morse, Andrew Olson and Larry Gruppen
Clinical simulation in nursing, v 120, 102067
Nov 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2026.102067
Featured in Collection :   Drexel's Newest Publications
url
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2026.102067View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Codesign Diagnosis Framework Health equity Nurse practitioner Psychological safety Simulation-based education Standardized patient
•Framework to address diagnostic inequity through SP-faculty codesign.•Creates psychologically safe teams and aligns to codesign principles.•Actionable processes result in competency-aligned and valid simulation scenarios. While accurate diagnoses are fundamental to healthcare, errors affect estimated 12 million people yearly, with harms underestimated among marginalized persons. Codesign offers a promising educational solution. A simulation codesign framework was developed. Evaluation included team psychological safety, codesign principal alignment, and scenario quality. Learning equity, addressing disparities in diagnosis (Lead-Dx) is a process-oriented, structured framework in which faculty collaborate with standardized patients with lived experiences of diagnostic inequity. Lead-Dx supports psychologically safe team environments, aligns with codesign principles, and yields valid scenarios. Lead-Dx is an actionable framework that addresses diagnostic inequity through collaborative SP-faculty simulation codesign.

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