Journal article
Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: observational follow-up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP)
BMJ, v 334(7599), pp 885-888
Apr 2007
PMID: 17449506
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Objective To examine the effects of reduction in dietary sodium intake on cardiovascular events using data from two completed randomised trials, TOHP I and TOHP II.Design Long term follow-up assessed 10-15 years after the original trial.Setting 10 clinic sites in 1987-90 (TOHP I) and nine sites in 1990-5 (TOHP II). Central follow-up conducted by post and phone.Participants Adults aged 30-54 years with prehypertension.Intervention Dietary sodium reduction, including comprehensive education and counselling on reducing intake, for 18 months (TOHP I) or 36-48 months (TOHP II).Main outcome measure Cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularisation, or cardiovascular death).Results 744 participants in TOHP I and 2382 in TOHP II were randomised to a sodium reduction intervention or control. Net sodium reductions in the intervention groups were 44 mmol/24 h and 33 mmol/24 h, respectively. Vital status was obtained for all participants and follow-up information on morbidity was obtained from 2415 (77%), with 200 reporting a cardiovascular event. Risk of a cardiovascular event was 25% lower among those in the intervention group (relative risk 0.75, 95% confidence interval 0.57 to 0.99, P=0.04), adjusted for trial, clinic, age, race, and sex, and 30% lower after further adjustment for baseline sodium excretion and weight (0.70, 0.53 to 0.94), with similar results in each trial. In secondary analyses, 67 participants died (0.80, 0.51 to 1.26, P=0.34).Conclusion Sodium reduction, previously shown to lower blood pressure, may also reduce long term risk of cardiovascular events.
Metrics
Details
- Title
- Long term effects of dietary sodium reduction on cardiovascular disease outcomes: observational follow-up of the trials of hypertension prevention (TOHP)
- Creators
- Nancy R Cook - Brigham and Women's HospitalJeffrey A Cutler - National Institutes of HealthEva Obarzanek - National Institutes of HealthJulie E Buring - Harvard University ,Kathryn M Rexrode - Harvard University ,Shiriki K Kumanyika - University of PennsylvaniaLawrence J Appel - Loyola University Health System, Maywood, ILPaul K Whelton - Loyola University Chicago
- Publication Details
- BMJ, v 334(7599), pp 885-888
- Publisher
- British Medical Journal (BMJ)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Urban Health Collaborative; Dana and David Dornsife School of Public Health
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000246217800029
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-34247863975
- Other Identifier
- 991019312611804721
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:
InCites Highlights
Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:
- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Peripheral Vascular Disease