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Measurement Model for Distribution State Estimation with Asynchronous Flow and Injection Measurements
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Measurement Model for Distribution State Estimation with Asynchronous Flow and Injection Measurements

Keith A. Zuckerman, Nicholas S. Coleman and Karen N. Miu
IEEE transactions on power systems, v 41(3), pp 1-9
30 Oct 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2025.3627433

Abstract

Current measurement Delays distribution networks energy management systems Measurement uncertainty Power measurement Reactive power State estimation Time measurement Vectors Voltage measurement Mathematical Models
Accurate distribution state estimation in energy management systems requires the coordination of diverse types of measurements from various sources, including distribution automation devices and smart meters. This paper presents a model for distribution system state estimation in this increasingly complex environment, which accounts for asynchronous and time-delayed measurements of various types. The model adjusts different types of measured quantities to account for asynchronous measurement and arrival times to an energy management system. The proposed approach allows for the use of the classical normal equations and thus integrates into existing state estimation solvers. Simulations on a large-scale, unbalanced network with uncertain short-term injection forecasts show that the proposed asynchronous distribution state estimator yielded significant improvements over a traditional state estimation approach.

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