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Journal article
Melt ceramics from coal ash: Constitutive product design using thermal and flow properties
Resources, conservation and recycling, v 132
May 2018
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
[Display omitted]
New US Environmental Protection Agency regulations for the disposal of coal combustion residues (CCR) incentivize bottom-up recycling efforts, to convert them into value-added applications. This study examines producing lightweight ceramic aggregates from CCR for concrete/geotechnical applications. More specifically, we argue that industrial residues such as coal bottom ash, despite their heterogeneity and diversity, are apt feedstock materials to constitutively design melt ceramics via high temperature recycling. A lot of knowledge on the feedstock (thermal and melt flow properties) is available, because of the historical interest in (molten) coal ash properties. It is shown how thermodynamics and empirically derived models and experimental observations on the viscosity, surface tension, heat capacity, enthalpy of fusion and thermal conductivity can be used to constitutively design melt ceramics. We created a custom model for the design of spherical porous reactive aggregates (SPoRA) from two different coal bottom ashes, using NaOH as an illustrative fluxing agent. To obtain the desired aggregate design, production should occur above the solidus temperature, yet viscous flow, caused by a low viscosity of the CCR melt, should be limited. The design method developed is able to discern the influence of various design parameters on the experimentally produced ceramic aggregates. A proper match between simulations and experimentally observed object shapes was obtained, allowing to define an operating window (temperature and residence time as function of fluxing agent addition) constitutively. This work shows how the available knowledge on coal ash assists the understanding and design of novel ceramic aggregate recycling processes.
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Details
- Title
- Melt ceramics from coal ash: Constitutive product design using thermal and flow properties
- Creators
- Pieter Billen - Drexel UniversityMatteo Mazzotti - Drexel UniversityLieven Pandelaers - KU LeuvenNay Ye oo - Drexel University, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, United StatesWeijin Zhao - Drexel UniversityZhuangzhuang Liu - KU LeuvenJames Redus - Drexel UniversityIvan Diaz Loya - Boral Resources, Materials Testing and Research Facility, 2650, Taylorsville, GA, 30178, United StatesIvan Bartoli - Drexel UniversityYaghoob Farnam - Drexel UniversitySabrina Spatari - Drexel UniversityY. Grace Hsuan - Drexel University
- Publication Details
- Resources, conservation and recycling, v 132
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000428828300018
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85041552145
- Other Identifier
- 991019169177904721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Engineering, Environmental
- Environmental Sciences