Logo image
Modeling airborne transmission of viral genome using computational fluid dynamics simulation: A case study for SARS-CoV-2 virus
Journal article   Peer reviewed

Modeling airborne transmission of viral genome using computational fluid dynamics simulation: A case study for SARS-CoV-2 virus

Somayeh Soleimani-Alyar, Igor Burstyn, Rasoul Yarahmadi and Alireza Alipoor
Journal of environmental health science and engineering, v 23(2), 30
28 Aug 2025
PMID: 40895349
url
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12394112/View
Open

Abstract

Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Environmental Law/Policy/Ecojustice Quality of Life Research Research Article Waste Management/Waste Technology Environmental Economics Environmental Health
Predicting indoor air quality during infectious disease conditions relies on models simulating particle materials (PM)/bioaerosols distribution. Understanding the thermo-fluid properties of exhaled air is crucial for comprehending disease transmission dynamics. This study employs a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to simulate cough-induced particle dispersion in a closed space. Furthermore, the number of released particles and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes by a cough were assessed (in eight COVID-19 patients). According to the CFD model, in the first 30 s of cough, the vertical height and lateral breadth of the particles’ dispersion were up to 138cm and 92cm, respectively. As the distance from the patient's respiratory zone increased, the lateral distribution width of particles expanded, reaching 1.3 m at 2.4 m away. Larger droplets (> 62.5µ) were deposited at shorter distances, while smaller particles remained airborne longer. The comparison of experimental and simulated results focused on particle dispersion at specific distances from the patient, particularly in the 2.5µ range. The distribution pattern of PM 2.5 and PM 10 at a distance of 1 and 2 m for women, not men, is similar to the distribution pattern of PM in CFD modeling. Viral genome detection was more prevalent in particles near the left side of the body, especially within the first 20 min post-cough, exhibiting a correlation with CFD predictions.

Metrics

Details

UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:

#11 Sustainable Cities and Communities
#13 Climate Action
#7 Affordable and Clean Energy

InCites Highlights

Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:

Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
International collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Engineering, Environmental
Environmental Sciences
Logo image