Molecular phylogenetics, a new classification, and a new genus of the Neotropical fish family Anostomidae (Teleostei: Characiformes)

We dedicate this effort to our mentor, collaborator, and friend Richard Vari (1949- 2016) , who began this project with us more than a decade ago and sadly passed away long before its conclusion. We also thank the numerous fieldworkers who collected specimens and tissues and the collection managers and curators who supplied those materials to our study. These include Mariangeles Arce H. (ANSP) , Jonathan Armbruster and David Werneke (AUM) , Leo Smith, Caleb McMahan, Kevin Swagel and Susan Mochel (FMNH) , Lucia Rapp Py-Daniel and Renildo Ribeiro de Oliveira (INPA) , Renato Devide and Ricardo Teixeira (LBP) , Tiago Pessali (MCNIP) , Sonia Fisch-Muller and Raphaeel Covain (MHNG) , Mario de Pinna and Michel Gianeti (MZUSP) , Hernan Lopez Fernandez (formerly at ROM) , Christian Cramer (UFRO) , Dianne Pitassy, Jeff Williams, Kris Murphy, Lisa Palmer and Jeff Clayton (USNM) ,. We thank Fernando Jerep, Nathan Lujan, Leandro Sousa and Peter Van der Sleen for permission to reproduce their photographs and drawings. NSF Grant DEB-1257898 to BLS supported the effort of BLS, MDB, KH, BF and CBD and funded much of the sequencing. BFM received grants from FAPESP #11/08374-1 and #13/16436-2 and the AMNH Axelrod Research Curatorship. JLOB received a research grant from CNPq (process 308846/2023-0) , and funds from Taxonline (Fundac & atilde;o Arauacaria via NAPI program) . CO received grants from FAPESP #2020/13433-6, CNPq #306054/2006-0 and #441128/2020-3, and Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho (Prope-UNESP) . Fieldwork was supported in part by All Catfish Species Inventory (NSF DEB-0315963, Senior Personnel MHS) , the iXingu Project (NSF DEB-1257813, PI MHS) and the Smithsonian Institution's Biodiversity of the Guiana Shield program (PI BLS) . We also gratefully acknowledge a 2023-2024 US-Brazil Fulbright Fellowship that allowed BLS to visit JLOB in Brazil and complete this contribution.