Journal article
Nuclear genomes distinguish cryptic species suggested by their DNA barcodes and ecology
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, v 114(31), pp 8313-8318
01 Aug 2017
PMID: 28716927
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Thirteen years of mitochondrial DNA barcoding of 15,000+ species of Lepidoptera and their parasitoids living in Area de Conservación Guanacaste, northwestern Costa Rica, indicate several thousand cases where barcodes combined with ecology suggest unrecognized cryptic species, substantially increasing species counts. Here, we show that the slightly different barcodes of three extremely similar parapatric–sympatric species of butterflies covary not only with ecology and subtle morphological traits but also with nuclear genomes—a finding that we predict will be commonplace and a method that we predict will be widely used. The barcodes of the century-old type specimens of
Udranomia kikkawai
from Venezuela reveal that this name applies to one of the three Costa Rican cryptic species; the others we describe as new.
DNA sequencing brings another dimension to exploration of biodiversity, and large-scale mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I barcoding has exposed many potential new cryptic species. Here, we add complete nuclear genome sequencing to DNA barcoding, ecological distribution, natural history, and subtleties of adult color pattern and size to show that a widespread neotropical skipper butterfly known as
Udranomia kikkawai
(Weeks) comprises three different species in Costa Rica. Full-length barcodes obtained from all three century-old Venezuelan syntypes of
U. kikkawai
show that it is a rainforest species occurring from Costa Rica to Brazil. The two new species are
Udranomia sallydaleyae
Burns, a dry forest denizen occurring from Costa Rica to Mexico, and
Udranomia tomdaleyi
Burns, which occupies the junction between the rainforest and dry forest and currently is known only from Costa Rica. Whereas the three species are cryptic, differing but slightly in appearance, their complete nuclear genomes totaling 15 million aligned positions reveal significant differences consistent with their 0.00065-Mbp (million base pair) mitochondrial barcodes and their ecological diversification. DNA barcoding of tropical insects reared by a massive inventory suggests that the presence of cryptic species is a widespread phenomenon and that further studies will substantially increase current estimates of insect species richness.
Metrics
Details
- Title
- Nuclear genomes distinguish cryptic species suggested by their DNA barcodes and ecology
- Creators
- Daniel H. Janzen - University of PennsylvaniaJohn M. Burns - National Museum of Natural HistoryQian Cong - The University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterWinnie Hallwachs - University of PennsylvaniaTanya Dapkey - University of PennsylvaniaRamya Manjunath - University of GuelphMehrdad Hajibabaei - University of GuelphPaul D. N. Hebert - University of GuelphNick V. Grishin - The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
- Publication Details
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, v 114(31), pp 8313-8318
- Publisher
- National Academy of Sciences
- Number of pages
- 6
- Grant note
- I-1505 / Welch Foundation GM094575 / HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000406653300060
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85026537846
- Other Identifier
- 991022048365204721
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
This publication has contributed to the advancement of the following goals:
InCites Highlights
Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:
- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Multidisciplinary Sciences