Journal article
Observation of Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy in the Southern Hemisphere with 12 yr of Data Collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
The Astrophysical Journal, v 981(2), 182
10 Mar 2025
Abstract
We analyzed the 7.92 × 1011 cosmic-ray-induced muon events collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory from 2011 May 13, when the fully constructed experiment started to take data, to 2023 May 12. This data set provides an up-to-date cosmic-ray arrival direction distribution in the Southern Hemisphere with unprecedented statistical accuracy covering more than a full period length of a solar cycle. Improvements in Monte Carlo event simulation and better handling of year-to-year differences in data processing significantly reduce systematic uncertainties below the level of statistical fluctuations compared to the previously published results. We confirm the observation of a change in the angular structure of the cosmic-ray anisotropy between 10 TeV and 1 PeV, more specifically in the 100–300 TeV energy range. For the first time, we analyzed the angular power spectrum at different energies. The observed variations of the power spectra with energy suggest relatively reduced large-scale features at high energy compared to those of medium and small scales. The large volume of data enhances the statistical significance at higher energies, up to the PeV scale, and smaller angular scales, down to approximately 6° compared to previous findings.
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Details
- Title
- Observation of Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy in the Southern Hemisphere with 12 yr of Data Collected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory
- Creators
- R AbbasiM AckermannJ AdamsS K AgarwallaT Aguado - Loyola University ChicagoJ A AguilarM AhlersJ M AlameddineN M AminK AndeenC ArgüellesY Ashida - University of UtahS AthanasiadouS N Axani - University of DelawareR BabuX BaiA Balagopal V. - University of DelawareM BaricevicS W Barwick - University of California, IrvineV BasuS Bash - Technical University of MunichR Bay - University of California, BerkeleyJ J BeattyJ Becker TjusJ BeiseC Bellenghi - Technical University of MunichS BenZviD BerleyE BernardiniD Z Besson - University of KansasE BlaufussL Bloom - University of AlabamaS Blot - Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESYF BontempoJY Book MotzkinC Boscolo MeneguoloS BöserO BotnerJ BöttcherJ BraunB BrinsonZ Brisson-TsavoussisJ Brostean-KaiserL Brusa - RWTH Aachen UniversityR T BurleyD ButterfieldM A CampanaI CaracasK CarloniJ CarpioS ChattopadhyayN Chau - Université Libre de BruxellesZ Chen - Stony Brook UniversityD ChirkinS ChoiB A ClarkC CochlingA ColemanP ColemanG H Collin - Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyA ConnollyJ M ConradR CorleyD F Cowen - Pennsylvania State UniversityC De ClercqJ J DeLaunay - Pennsylvania State UniversityD DelgadoS DengA DesaiP DesiatiK D de VriesG de WasseigeT DeYoungA DiazJ C Díaz-VélezP Dierichs - RWTH Aachen UniversityM DittmerA DomiL Draper - University of UtahH DujmovicD DurnfordK Dutta - Johannes Gutenberg University MainzM A DuVernoisT EhrhardtL Eidenschink - Technical University of MunichA Eimer - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergP EllerE EllingerS El MentawiD ElsässerR EngelH ErpenbeckJ Evans - University of Maryland, College ParkP A Evenson - University of DelawareK L Fan - University of Maryland, College ParkK FangK FarragA R FazelyA FedynitchN Feigl
- Publication Details
- The Astrophysical Journal, v 981(2), 182
- Publisher
- eScholarship, University of California
- Number of pages
- 20
- Grant note
- Mercer University University of Wisconsin-Madison USA-U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services and Support (ACCESS) NVIDIA Corporation Google Cloud Platform FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo) Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association Sweden-Swedish Research Council Swedish Polar Research Secretariat Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation European Union-EGI Advanced Computing for research Australia-Australian Research Council WestGrid Digital Research Alliance of Canada Denmark-Villum Fonden Carlsberg Foundation European Commission New Zealand-Marsden Fund Korea-National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Switzerland-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR U.S. National Science Foundation REU U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation
The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Loyola University Chicago, Mercer University, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the following agencies and institutions: USA-U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, U.S. National Science Foundation REU, U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Partnership to Advance Throughput Computing (PATh), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services and Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University, NVIDIA Corporation, and Google Cloud Platform; BelgiumFunds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany-Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden-Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union-EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia-Australian Research Council; Canada-Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Quebec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Digital Research Alliance of Canada; Denmark-Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand-Marsden Fund; Japan-Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea-National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); and Switzerland-Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF).
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Physics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001449301000001
- Other Identifier
- 991022035174704721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Astronomy & Astrophysics