Journal article
Pediatric Brain Development in Down Syndrome: A Field in Its Infancy
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, v 24(9), pp 966-976
Oct 2018
PMID: 29789029
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Objectives: As surprisingly little is known about the developing brain studied in vivo in youth with Down syndrome (DS), the current review summarizes the small DS pediatric structural neuroimaging literature and begins to contextualize existing research within a developmental framework. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was completed, effect sizes from published studies were reviewed, and results are presented with respect to the DS cognitive behavioral phenotype and typical brain development. Results: The majority of DS structural neuroimaging studies describe gross differences in brain morphometry and do not use advanced neuroimaging methods to provide nuanced descriptions of the brain. There is evidence for smaller total brain volume (TBV), total gray matter (GM) and white matter, cortical lobar, hippocampal, and cerebellar volumes. When reductions in TBV are accounted for, specific reductions are noted in subregions of the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, cerebellum, and hippocampus. A review of cortical lobar effect sizes reveals mostly large effect sizes from early childhood through adolescence. However, deviance is smaller in adolescence. Despite these smaller effects, frontal GM continues to be largely deviant in adolescence. An examination of age-frontal GM relations using effect sizes from published studies and data from Lee et al. (2016) reveals that while there is a strong inverse relationship between age and frontal GM volume in controls across childhood and adolescence, this is not observed in DS. Conclusions: Further developmentally focused research, ideally using longitudinal neuroimaging, is needed to elucidate the nature of the DS neuroanatomic phenotype during childhood and adolescence. (JINS, 2018, 24, 966–976)
Metrics
Details
- Title
- Pediatric Brain Development in Down Syndrome: A Field in Its Infancy
- Creators
- Taralee Hamner - Drexel UniversityManisha D. Udhnani - Drexel UniversityKarol Z. Osipowicz - Drexel UniversityNancy Raitano Lee - Drexel University
- Contributors
- Mark E. Mahone (Editor)Warschausky Seth (Editor)Andrew T. Zabel (Editor)
- Publication Details
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, v 24(9), pp 966-976
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press
- Number of pages
- 11
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychological and Brain Sciences (Psychology)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000449588200009
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85047253570
- Other Identifier
- 991019167881904721
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InCites Highlights
Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:
- Web of Science research areas
- Clinical Neurology
- Neurosciences
- Psychiatry
- Psychology