Journal article
Phonon-Dominated In-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Single-Flake Metallic Ti3C2T x MXene
Nano letters, v 26(31), pp 10181-10187
30 Jul 2026
PMID: 42584261
Abstract
MXenes are a promising class of 2D materials, with prospects in applications such as electromagnetic interference shielding, energy storage, catalysis, and thermal management. Despite the importance of understanding their thermal transport properties, it is not clear whether electrons or phonons dominate heat transport, and the experimentally obtained in-plane thermal conductivities vary substantially. Here, we address this by studying in-plane heat transport in single Ti3C2Tx MXene flakes using spatiotemporal microscopy, directly visualizing heat transport in space and time. We obtain a thermal diffusivity of 0.05 cm2 s–1, corresponding to an in-plane thermal conductivity of 13–16 W m–1 K–1. Using an upper limit for the electronic conductivity based on terahertz measurements, we find that electrons carry at most half of the heat. This shows that─despite their metallic nature─phonons play an important role in the heat transport of Ti3C2Tx MXene, providing an unconventional combination of heat and charge transport properties.
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Details
- Title
- Phonon-Dominated In-Plane Thermal Conductivity of Single-Flake Metallic Ti3C2T x MXene
- Creators
- Max C. van Hemert - Eindhoven University of TechnologyHugh Ramsden - Eindhoven University of TechnologyStefano Ippolito - Drexel UniversitySebin Varghese - Eindhoven University of TechnologyBohai Liu - Eindhoven University of TechnologyElvira Tornero GascaMiguel Muñoz RojoHai I. Wang - Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchYury Gogotsi - Drexel UniversityKlaas-Jan Tielrooij (Corresponding Author) - Eindhoven University of Technology
- Publication Details
- Nano letters, v 26(31), pp 10181-10187
- Publisher
- ACS Publications
- Number of pages
- 7
- Grant note
- Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci?n y Universidades: CEX2021-001214-S HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council: 101123381 Army Research Laboratory: W911NF-19-2-0119
The authors thank Changhoon Park for discussions. The ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa Centres of Excellence program, Grant CEX2021-001214-S, funded by MCIU/AEI/10.13039.501100011033. K.-J.T. acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 101125457 (ERC CoG "EQUATE") and Spanish MCIN/AEI project (PID2022-142730NB-I00 "HYDROPTO"). M.M.R. acknowledges the European Union ERC CoG THERMO2DEAL 101123381, the national project MXENE2DEVICES (PID2023-149764OA-I00), and the Severo Ochoa Centres of Excellence program through Grant CEX2024-001445-S. S.I. and Y.G. acknowledge the Army Research Laboratory for supporting this work under Cooperative Agreements no. W911NF-19-2-0119 and W911NF-24-2-0100.
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Materials Science and Engineering; A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001837515600001
- Other Identifier
- 991022200759004721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
- Chemistry, Physical
- Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
- Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
- Physics, Applied
- Physics, Condensed Matter