Journal article
Prenatal Fluoride Exposure and Cognitive Outcomes in Children at 4 and 6-12 Years of Age in Mexico
Environmental health perspectives, v 125(9), pp 097017-097017
19 Sep 2017
PMID: 28937959
Abstract
Some evidence suggests that fluoride may be neurotoxic to children. Few of the epidemiologic studies have been longitudinal, had individual measures of fluoride exposure, addressed the impact of prenatal exposures or involved more than 100 participants.
Our aim was to estimate the association of prenatal exposure to fluoride with offspring neurocognitive development.
We studied participants from the Early Life Exposures in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) project. An ion-selective electrode technique was used to measure fluoride in archived urine samples taken from mothers during pregnancy and from their children when 6-12 y old, adjusted for urinary creatinine and specific gravity, respectively. Child intelligence was measured by the General Cognitive Index (GCI) of the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities at age 4 and full scale intelligence quotient (IQ) from the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) at age 6-12.
We had complete data on 299 mother-child pairs, of whom 287 and 211 had data for the GCI and IQ analyses, respectively. Mean (SD) values for urinary fluoride in all of the mothers (n=299) and children with available urine samples (n=211) were 0.90 (0.35) mg/L and 0.82 (0.38) mg/L, respectively. In multivariate models we found that an increase in maternal urine fluoride of 0.5mg/L (approximately the IQR) predicted 3.15 (95% CI: -5.42, -0.87) and 2.50 (95% CI -4.12, -0.59) lower offspring GCI and IQ scores, respectively.
In this study, higher prenatal fluoride exposure, in the general range of exposures reported for other general population samples of pregnant women and nonpregnant adults, was associated with lower scores on tests of cognitive function in the offspring at age 4 and 6-12 y. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP655.
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Details
- Title
- Prenatal Fluoride Exposure and Cognitive Outcomes in Children at 4 and 6-12 Years of Age in Mexico
- Creators
- Morteza Bashash - University of TorontoDeena Thomas - University of MichiganHoward Hu - University of TorontoE Angeles Martinez-Mier - Indiana University – Purdue University IndianapolisBrisa N Sanchez - University of MichiganNiladri Basu - McGill UniversityKaren E Peterson - University of MichiganAdrienne S Ettinger - University of MichiganRobert Wright - Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiZhenzhen Zhang - University of MichiganYun Liu - University of MichiganLourdes Schnaas - Instituto Nacional de PerinatologíaAdriana Mercado-García - Instituto Nacional de Salud PúblicaMartha María Téllez-Rojo - Instituto Nacional de Salud PúblicaMauricio Hernández-Avila - Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
- Publication Details
- Environmental health perspectives, v 125(9), pp 097017-097017
- Grant note
- R01 ES007821 / NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES021446 / NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES022844 / NIEHS NIH HHS P42 ES005947 / NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES017885 / NIEHS NIH HHS
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000413792800027
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85032144104
- Other Identifier
- 991020100057404721
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