Journal article
Probing the PeV region in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum using vμ from the Southern sky
Physical review. D, v 112(1), 012022
25 Jul 2025
Abstract
IceCube has observed a diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux over the energy region from a few TeV to a few PeV. At PeVenergies, the spectral shape is not yet well measured due to the low statistics of the data. This analysis probes the gap between 1 and 10 PeV by using high-energy downgoing muon neutrinos. To reject the large atmospheric muon background, two complementary techniques are combined. The first technique selects events with high stochasticity to reject atmospheric muon bundles whose stochastic energy losses are smoothed due to high muon multiplicity. The second technique vetoes atmospheric muons with the IceTop surface array. Using 9 yrs of data, we found two neutrino candidate events in the signal region, consistent with expectation from background, each with relatively high signal probabilities. A joint maximum likelihood estimation is performed using this sample and an independent 9.5-yr sample of tracks to measure the neutrino spectrum. A likelihood ratio test is done to compare the single power-law (SPL) vs SPL + cutoff hypothesis; the SPL + cutoff model is not significantly better than the SPL. High-energy astrophysical objects from four source catalogs are also checked around the direction of the two events. No significant coincidence was found.
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- Title
- Probing the PeV region in the astrophysical neutrino spectrum using vμ from the Southern sky
- Creators
- R. Abbasi - Loyola University ChicagoM. Ackermann - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyJ. Adams - University of CanterburyS. K. Agarwalla - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJ. A. Aguilar - Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumM. Ahlers - University of CopenhagenJ. M. Alameddine - TU Dortmund UniversityN. M. Amin - University of DelawareK. Andeen - Marquette UniversityC. Arguelles - Harvard UniversityY. Ashida - University of UtahS. Athanasiadou - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyS. N. Axani - University of DelawareR. Babu - Michigan State UniversityX. Bai - South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USAA. Balagopal - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Baricevic - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. W. Barwick - Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USAS. Bash - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenV. Basu - University of Wisconsin–MadisonR. Bay - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAJ. J. Beatty - The Ohio State UniversityJ. Becker Tjus - Ruhr University BochumJ. Beise - Uppsala UniversityC. Bellenghi - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenS. BenZvi - University of RochesterD. Berley - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAE. Bernardini - University of PaduaD. Z. Besson - University of KansasE. Blaufuss - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAL. Bloom - University of AlabamaS. Blot - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyF. Bontempo - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyJ. Y. Book Motzkin - Harvard UniversityC. Boscolo Meneguolo - University of PaduaS. Boser - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyO. Botner - Uppsala UniversityJ. Bottcher - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyJ. Braun - University of Wisconsin–MadisonB. Brinson - Georgia Institute of TechnologyZ. Brisson-Tsavoussis - Queens UniversityJ. Brostean-Kaiser - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyL. Brusa - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyR. T. Burley - Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, AustraliaD. Butterfield - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. A. Campana - Drexel UniversityI. Caracas - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyK. Carloni - Harvard UniversityJ. Carpio - University of Nevada, Las VegasS. Chattopadhyay - University of Wisconsin–MadisonN. Chau - Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumZ. Chen - Stony Brook UniversityD. Chirkin - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. Choi - Sungkyunkwan UniversityB. A. Clark - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAA. Coleman - Uppsala UniversityP. Coleman - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyG. H. Collin - MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAA. Connolly - The Ohio State UniversityJ. M. Conrad - MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAR. Corley - University of UtahD. F. Cowen - Pennsylvania State UniversityC. De Clercq - Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumJ. J. DeLaunay - University of AlabamaD. Delgado - Harvard UniversityS. Deng - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyA. Desai - University of Wisconsin–MadisonP. Desiati - University of Wisconsin–MadisonK. D. de Vries - Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumG. de Wasseige - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloT. DeYoung - Michigan State UniversityJ. C. Diaz-Velez - University of Wisconsin–MadisonP. Dierichs - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyS. DiKerby - Michigan State UniversityM. Dittmer - University of MünsterA. Domi - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergL. Draper - University of UtahH. Dujmovic - University of Wisconsin–MadisonD. Durnford - University of AlbertaK. Dutta - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyM. A. DuVernois - University of Wisconsin–MadisonT. Ehrhardt - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyL. Eidenschink - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenA. Eimer - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergP. Eller - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenE. Ellinger - University of WuppertalS. El Mentawi - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyD. Elsasser - TU Dortmund UniversityR. Engel - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyH. Erpenbeck - University of Wisconsin–MadisonW. Esmail - University of MünsterJ. Evans - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAP. A. Evenson - University of DelawareK. L. Fan - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAK. Fang - University of Wisconsin–MadisonK. Farrag - Chiba UniversityA. R. Fazely - Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USAA. Fedynitch - Acad Sinica, Inst Phys, Taipei 11529, TaiwanN. Feigl - Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, GermanyS. Fiedlschuster - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergC. Finley - Stockholm UniversityL. Fischer - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyD. Fox - Pennsylvania State UniversityA. Franckowiak - Ruhr University BochumS. Fukami - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyP. Furst - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyJ. Gallagher - University of Wisconsin–MadisonE. Ganster - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyA. Garcia - Harvard UniversityM. Garcia - University of DelawareG. Garg - University of Wisconsin–MadisonE. Genton - Harvard UniversityL. Gerhardt - Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAA. Ghadimi - University of AlabamaC. Girard-Carillo - Johannes Gutenberg University MainzC. Glaser - Uppsala UniversityT. Glusenkamp - Uppsala UniversityJ. G. Gonzalez - University of DelawareS. Goswami - University of Nevada, Las VegasA. Granados - Michigan State UniversityD. Grant - Simon Fraser UniversityS. J. Gray - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAS. Griffin - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. Griswold - University of RochesterK. M. Groth - University of CopenhagenD. Guevel - University of Wisconsin–MadisonC. Gunther - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyP. Gutjahr - TU Dortmund UniversityC. Ha - Chung-Ang UniversityC. Haack - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergA. Hallgren - Uppsala UniversityL. Halve - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyF. Halzen - University of Wisconsin–MadisonL. Hamacher - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyH. Hamdaoui - Stony Brook UniversityM. Ha Minh - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenM. Handt - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyK. Hanson - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJ. Hardin - MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAA. A. Harnisch - Michigan State UniversityP. Hatch - Queens UniversityA. Haungs - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyJ. Haussler - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyK. Helbing - University of WuppertalJ. Hellrung - Ruhr University BochumJ. Hermannsgabner - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyL. Heuermann - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyN. Heyer - Uppsala UniversityS. Hickford - University of WuppertalA. Hidvegi - Stockholm UniversityC. Hill - Chiba UniversityG. C. Hill - Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, AustraliaR. Hmaid - Chiba UniversityK. D. Hoffman - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAS. Hori - University of Wisconsin–MadisonK. Hoshina - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Hostert - Harvard UniversityW. Hou - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyT. Huber - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyK. Hultqvist - Stockholm UniversityM. Hunnefeld - University of Wisconsin–MadisonR. Hussain - University of Wisconsin–MadisonK. Hymon - TU Dortmund UniversityA. Ishihara - Chiba UniversityW. Iwakiri - Chiba UniversityM. Jacquart - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. Jain - University of Wisconsin–MadisonO. Janik - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergM. Jansson - Sungkyunkwan UniversityM. Jeong - University of UtahM. Jin - Harvard UniversityB. J. P. Jones - Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Room 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USAN. Kamp - Harvard UniversityD. Kang - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyW. Kang - Sungkyunkwan UniversityX. Kang - Drexel UniversityA. Kappes - University of MünsterD. Kappesser - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyL. Kardum - TU Dortmund UniversityT. Karg - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyM. Karl - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenA. Karle - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Katil - University of AlbertaU. Katz - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergM. Kauer - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJ. L. Kelley - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Khanal - University of UtahA. Khatee Zathul - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Kheirandish - University of Nevada, Las VegasJ. Kiryluk - Stony Brook UniversityS. R. Klein - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAY. Kobayashi - Chiba UniversityA. Kochocki - Michigan State UniversityR. Koirala - University of DelawareH. Kolanoski - Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, GermanyT. Kontrimas - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenL. Kopke - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyC. Kopper - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergD. J. Koskinen - University of CopenhagenP. Koundal - University of DelawareM. Kowalski - Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, GermanyT. Kozynets - University of CopenhagenN. Krieger - Ruhr University BochumJ. Krishnamoorthi - University of Wisconsin–MadisonT. Krishnan - Harvard UniversityK. Kruiswijk - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloE. Krupczak - Michigan State UniversityA. Kumar - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyE. Kun - Ruhr University BochumN. Kurahashi - Drexel UniversityN. Lad - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyC. Lagunas Gualda - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenM. Lamoureux - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloM. J. Larson - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAF. Lauber - University of WuppertalJ. P. Lazar - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloK. Leonard DeHolton - Pennsylvania State UniversityA. Leszczynska - University of DelawareJ. Liao - Georgia Institute of TechnologyM. Lincetto - Ruhr University BochumY. T. Liu - Pennsylvania State UniversityM. Liubarska - University of AlbertaC. Love - Drexel UniversityL. Lu - University of Wisconsin–MadisonF. Lucarelli - University of GenevaW. Luszczak - The Ohio State UniversityY. Lyu - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAJ. MadsenE. Magnus - Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumK. B. M. Mahn - Michigan State UniversityY. Makino - University of Wisconsin–MadisonE. Manao - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenS. Mancina - University of PaduaA. Mand - University of Wisconsin–MadisonW. Marie Sainte - University of Wisconsin–MadisonI. C. Maris - Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumS. Marka - Columbia UniversityZ. Marka - Columbia UniversityM. Marsee - University of AlabamaI. Martinez-Soler - Harvard UniversityR. Maruyama - University of New HavenF. Mayhew - Michigan State UniversityF. McNally - Mercer Univ, Dept Phys, Macon, GA 31207 USAJ. V. Mead - University of CopenhagenK. Meagher - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. Mechbal - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyA. Medina - The Ohio State UniversityM. Meier - Chiba UniversityY. Merckx - Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumL. Merten - Ruhr University BochumJ. Mitchell - Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USAL. Molchany - South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USAT. Montaruli - University of GenevaR. W. Moore - University of AlbertaY. Morii - Chiba UniversityR. Morse - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Moulai - University of Wisconsin–MadisonT. Mukherjee - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyR. Naab - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyM. Nakos - University of Wisconsin–MadisonU. Naumann - University of WuppertalJ. Necker - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyA. Negi - Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Room 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USAL. Neste - Stockholm UniversityM. Neumann - University of MünsterH. Niederhausen - Michigan State UniversityM. U. Nisa - Michigan State UniversityK. Noda - Chiba UniversityA. Noell - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyA. Novikov - University of DelawareA. Obertacke Pollmann - Chiba UniversityV. O'Dell - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Olivas - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAR. Orsoe - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenJ. Osborn - University of Wisconsin–MadisonE. O'Sullivan - Uppsala UniversityV. Palusova - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyH. Pandya - University of DelawareN. Park - Queens UniversityG. K. Parker - Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Room 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USAV. Parrish - Michigan State UniversityE. N. Paudel - University of DelawareL. Paul - South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USAC. P. Erez de los Heros - Uppsala UniversityT. Pernice - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyJ. Peterson - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Pizzuto - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Plum - South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USAA. Ponten - Uppsala UniversityY. Popovych - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyM. Prado Rodriguez - University of Wisconsin–MadisonB. Pries - Michigan State UniversityR. Procter-Murphy - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAG. T. Przybylski - Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAL. Pyras - University of UtahC. Raab - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloJ. Rack-Helleis - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyN. Rad - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyM. Ravn - Uppsala UniversityK. Rawlins - University of Alaska AnchorageZ. Rechav - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Rehman - University of DelawareI. Reistroffer - South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USAE. Resconi - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenS. Reusch - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyW. Rhode - TU Dortmund UniversityB. Riedel - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Rifaie - University of WuppertalE. J. Roberts - Univ Adelaide, Dept Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, AustraliaS. Robertson - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAS. Rodan - Sungkyunkwan UniversityM. Rongen - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergA. Rosted - Chiba UniversityC. Rott - University of UtahT. Ruhe - TU Dortmund UniversityL. Ruohan - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenI. Safa - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJ. Saffer - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyD. Salazar-Gallegos - Michigan State UniversityP. Sampathkumar - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyA. Sandrock - University of WuppertalM. Santander - University of AlabamaS. Sarkar - University of AlbertaS. Sarkar - University of OxfordJ. Savelberg - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyP. Savina - University of Wisconsin–MadisonP. Schaile - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenM. Schaufel - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyH. Schieler - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyS. Schindler - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergL. Schlickmann - Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Phys, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, GermanyB. Schluter - University of MünsterF. Schluter - Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumN. Schmeisser - University of WuppertalT. Schmidt - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAJ. Schneider - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergF. G. Schroder - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyL. Schumacher - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergS. Schwirn - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyS. Sclafani - University of Maryland, College ParkD. Seckel - University of DelawareL. Seen - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Seikh - University of KansasM. Seo - Sungkyunkwan UniversityS. Seunarine - University of Wisconsin–River FallsP. A. Sevle Myhr - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloR. Shah - Drexel UniversityS. Shefali - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyN. Shimizu - Chiba UniversityM. Silva - University of Wisconsin–MadisonB. Skrzypek - Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAB. Smithers - Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, 502 Yates St,Sci Hall Room 108,Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USAR. Snihur - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJ. Soedingrekso - TU Dortmund UniversityA. Sogaard - University of CopenhagenD. Soldin - University of UtahP. Soldin - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyG. Sommani - Ruhr University BochumC. Spannfellner - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenG. M. Spiczak - University of Wisconsin–River FallsC. Spiering - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyJ. Stachurska - Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumM. Stamatikos - The Ohio State UniversityT. Stanev - University of DelawareT. Stezelberger - Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USAT. Sturwald - University of WuppertalT. Stuttard - University of CopenhagenG. W. Sullivan - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAI. Taboada - Georgia Institute of TechnologyS. Ter-Antonyan - Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USAA. Terliuk - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenA. Thakuri - South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Phys, Rapid City, SD 57701 USAM. Thiesmeyer - University of Wisconsin–MadisonW. G. Thompson - Harvard UniversityJ. Thwaites - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. Tilav - University of DelawareK. Tollefson - Michigan State UniversityC. Tonnis - Sungkyunkwan UniversityS. Toscano - Univ Libre Bruxelles, Sci Fac CP230, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumD. Tosi - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Trettin - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyM. A. Unland Elorrieta - University of MünsterA. K. Upadhyay - University of Wisconsin–MadisonK. Upshaw - Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USAA. Vaidyanathan - Marquette UniversityN. Valtonen-Mattila - Uppsala UniversityJ. Vandenbroucke - University of Wisconsin–MadisonN. Van Eijndhoven - Vrije Univ Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, BelgiumD. Vannerom - MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAJ. van Santen - Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, GermanyJ. Vara - University of MünsterF. Varsi - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyJ. Veitch-Michaelis - University of Wisconsin–MadisonM. Venugopal - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyM. Vereecken - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloS. Vergara Carrasco - University of CanterburyS. Verpoest - University of DelawareD. Veske - Columbia UniversityA. Vijai - Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USAC. Walck - Stockholm UniversityA. Wang - Georgia Institute of TechnologyC. Weaver - Michigan State UniversityP. Weigel - MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAA. Weindl - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyJ. Weldert - Pennsylvania State UniversityA. Y. Wen - Harvard UniversityC. Wendt - University of Wisconsin–MadisonJ. Werthebach - TU Dortmund UniversityM. Weyrauch - Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyN. Whitehorn - Michigan State UniversityC. H. Wiebusch - Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Phys Inst 3, D-52056 Aachen, GermanyD. R. Williams - University of AlabamaL. Witthaus - TU Dortmund UniversityM. Wolf - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenG. Wrede - Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergX. W. Xu - Southern Univ, Dept Phys, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USAJ. P. Yanez - University of AlbertaE. Yildizci - University of Wisconsin–MadisonS. Yoshida - Chiba UniversityR. Young - University of KansasF. Yu - Harvard UniversityS. Yu - University of UtahT. Yuan - University of Wisconsin–MadisonA. Zegarelli - Ruhr University BochumS. Zhang - Michigan State UniversityZ. Zhang - Stony Brook UniversityP. Zhelnin - Harvard UniversityIceCube Collaboration
- Publication Details
- Physical review. D, v 112(1), 012022
- Publisher
- Amer Physical Soc
- Number of pages
- 24
- Grant note
- European Union-EGI Advanced Computing Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; University of Wisconsin Madison Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS); Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Villum Fonden NVIDIA Corporation; Nvidia Corporation European Commission (Denmark); European Union (EU); European Commission Joint Research Centre National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); National Research Foundation of Korea U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Advanced Cyberinfrastructure, Wisconsin Alumni Research Founda Swedish Polar Research Secretariat Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Physics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001553376700002
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-105021364559
- Other Identifier
- 991022147158304721
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