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Prospective analysis of a surgical algorithm to achieve ventilator weaning in cervical tetraplegia
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Prospective analysis of a surgical algorithm to achieve ventilator weaning in cervical tetraplegia

Matthew R. Kaufman, Thomas Bauer, Stuart Campbell, Kristie Rossi, Andrew Elkwood and Reza Jarrahy
The journal of spinal cord medicine, v 45(4), pp 531-535
15 Oct 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2020.1829417
PMID: 33054689
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
https://doi.org/10.1080/10790268.2020.1829417View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Diaphragm pacemaker Diaphragmatic paralysis Phrenic nerve reconstruction Quadriplegia Ventilator weaning
Objectives: Chronic ventilator dependency in cervical tetraplegia is associated with substantial morbidity. When non-invasive weaning methods have failed the primary surgical treatment is diaphragm pacing. Phrenic nerve integrity and diaphragm motor units are requirements for effective pacing but may need to be restored for successful weaning. A surgical algorithm that includes: 1. Diaphragm pacing, 2. Phrenic nerve reconstruction, and 3. Diaphragm muscle replacement, may provide the capability of reducing or reversing ventilator dependency in virtually all cervical tetraplegics. Design: Prospective case series. Setting: A university-based hospital from 2015 to 2019. Participants: Ten patients with ventilator-dependent cervical tetraplegia. Interventions: I. Pacemaker alone, II. Pacemaker + phrenic nerve reconstruction, or III. Pacemaker + diaphragm muscle replacement. Outcome measures: Time from surgery to observed reduction in ventilator requirements (↓VR), ventilatory needs as of most recent follow-up [no change (NC), partial weaning (PW, 1-12 h/day), or complete weaning (CW, >12 h/day)], and complications. Results: Both patients in Group I achieved CW at 6-month follow-up. Two patients in Group II achieved CW, and in another two patients PW was achieved, at 1.5-2-year follow-up. The remaining two patients are NC at 6 and 8-month follow-up, respectively. In group III, both patients achieved PW at 2-year follow-up. Complications included mucous plugging (n = 1) and pacemaker malfunction requiring revision (n = 3). Conclusion: Although more investigation is necessary, phrenic nerve reconstruction or diaphragm muscle replacement performed (when indicated) with pacemaker implantation may allow virtually all ventilator-dependent cervical tetraplegics to partially or completely wean.

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4 citations in Web of Science
3 citations in Scopus

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Clinical Neurology
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