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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Protective Function of Taurine in Glutamate-induced Apoptosis in Cultured Neurons
Journal of neuroscience research, v 87(5), pp 1185-1194
Apr 2009
PMID: 18951478
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Previously, we showed that taurine protects neurons against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity by inhibiting the glutamate-induced increase of [Ca2+](i). In this study, we report that taurine prevents glutamate-induced chromosomal condensation, indicating that taurine inhibits glutamate-induced apoptosis. We found that Bcl-2 was down-regulated while Bax was up-regulated by glutamate treatment, and these changes were prevented in the presence of taurine. We have also shown that taurine inhibits glutamate-induced activation of calpain. Furthermore, calpastatin, a specific calpain inhibitor, also prevented glutamate-induced cell death. Here we propose the mechanisms underlying glutamate-induced apoptosis and taurine's inhibition of glutamate-induced apoptosis to be as follows: glutamate stimulation induces [Ca2+](i) elevation, which in turn activates calpain; activation of calpain leads to a reduction of Bcl-2:Bax ratios; with decreased Bcl-2:Bax ratios Bax homodimers form, Bax homodimerization, and translocation to the mitochondria result in the release of cytochrome c; released cytochrome c in turn activates a downstream caspase cascade leading to apoptosis. The antiapoptotic function of taurine is due to its inhibition of glutamate-induced membrane depolarization. (C) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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Details
- Title
- Protective Function of Taurine in Glutamate-induced Apoptosis in Cultured Neurons
- Creators
- Rebecca Leon - Florida Atlantic UniversityHeng Wu - Florida Atlantic UniversityYing Jin - Florida Atlantic UniversityJianning Wei - Florida Atlantic UniversityChandana Buddhala - Florida Atlantic UniversityHoward Prentice - Florida Atlantic UniversityJang-Yen Wu - Florida Atlantic University
- Publication Details
- Journal of neuroscience research, v 87(5), pp 1185-1194
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Number of pages
- 10
- Grant note
- IBN-9723079 / National Science Foundation; National Science Foundation (NSF) NS37851 / National Institutes of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA R01NS037851 / NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Neurobiology and Anatomy
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000263984700015
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-65949096083
- Other Identifier
- 991020545122704721
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- Web of Science research areas
- Neurosciences