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Raman spectroscopy study of the nanodiamond-to-carbon onion transformation
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Raman spectroscopy study of the nanodiamond-to-carbon onion transformation

Jonathan CEBIK, John K McDONOUGH, Filipe PEERALLY, Rene MEDRANO, Ioannis NEITZEL, Yury GOGOTSI and Sebastian OSSWALD
Nanotechnology, v 24(20), 205703
2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/24/20/205703
PMID: 23598775
Featured in Collection :   UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
url
http://hdl.handle.net/10945/61123View
Submitted Open Open Access (License Unspecified)

Abstract

Electronic structure of nanoscale materials : clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals Nanocrystalline materials Exact sciences and technology Methods of nanofabrication Electronic structure and electrical properties of surfaces, interfaces, thin films and low-dimensional structures Nanopowders Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties Nanoscale materials and structures: fabrication and characterization Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology Materials Science Physics
Here, we present a comprehensive study analyzing early stages of the transformation of detonation nanodiamond (ND) powder to graphitic carbon onions via thermal annealing in argon atmosphere. Raman spectroscopy was employed to monitor this transformation, starting with the sp³-to-sp² conversion of the ND surface at the onset of the graphitization process. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to supplement the structural information obtained from Raman spectroscopy and allow for an accurate interpretation of the obtained Raman data. The effect of the annealing time on the transformation process was also studied to determine the kinetics of the conversion at low temperatures. The results presented in this study complement previous work on ND annealing and provide deeper insight into the nanodiamond-to-carbon onion conversion mechanism, in particular the time and size dependence. We present further evidence for the existence of a disordered sp² phase as an intermediate step in the transformation process.

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114 citations in Web of Science
115 citations in Scopus

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Collaboration types
Domestic collaboration
Web of Science research areas
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Physics, Applied
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