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Real-time visualization of chromatin modification in isolated nuclei
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Real-time visualization of chromatin modification in isolated nuclei

Luca Sardo, Angel Lin, Svetlana Khakhina, Lucas Beckman, Luis Ricon, Weam Elbezanti, Tara Jaison, Harshad Vishwasrao, Hari Shroff, Christopher Janetopoulos, …
Journal of cell science, v 130(17), pp 2926-2940
01 Sep 2017
PMID: 28743737
url
https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.205823View
Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open

Abstract

Acetylation Chromatin - metabolism Computer Systems HeLa Cells Histone Deacetylases - metabolism Histones - metabolism Humans Imaging, Three-Dimensional Lysine - metabolism Microscopy Nuclear Lamina - metabolism Nuclear Proteins - metabolism Nucleic Acids - metabolism RNA - genetics RNA - metabolism tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus - metabolism Time-Lapse Imaging Transcription, Genetic
Chromatin modification is traditionally assessed in biochemical assays that provide average measurements of static events given that the analysis requires components from many cells. Microscopy can visualize single cells, but the cell body and organelles can hamper staining and visualization of the nucleus. Normally, chromatin is visualized by immunostaining a fixed sample or by expressing exogenous fluorescently tagged proteins in a live cell. Alternative microscopy tools to observe changes of endogenous chromatin in real-time are needed. Here, we isolated transcriptionally competent nuclei from cells and used antibody staining without fixation to visualize changes in endogenous chromatin. This method allows the real-time addition of drugs and fluorescent probes to one or more nuclei while under microscopy observation. A high-resolution map of 11 endogenous nuclear markers of the histone code, transcription machinery and architecture was obtained in transcriptionally active nuclei by performing confocal and structured illumination microscopy. We detected changes in chromatin modification and localization at the single-nucleus level after inhibition of histone deacetylation. Applications in the study of RNA transcription, viral protein function and nuclear architecture are presented. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.

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Cell Biology
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