Journal article
Risk Factors for Decreased Visual Acuity in Preschool Children The Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease and Baltimore Pediatric Eye Disease Studies
Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn.), v 118(11), pp 2262-2273
01 Nov 2011
PMID: 21856014
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Objective: To investigate risk factors associated with unilateral or bilateral decreased visual acuity (VA) in preschool children.
Design: Population-based, cross-sectional prevalence study.
Participants: Population-based samples of 6504 children ages 30 to 72 months from California and Maryland.
Methods: Participants were preschool African-American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white children from Los Angeles, California, and Baltimore, Maryland. Data were obtained by a parental interview and a detailed ocular examination. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the independent associations between demographic, behavioral, and clinical risk factors with unilateral and bilateral decreased VA.
Main Outcome Measures: Odds ratios (ORs) for various risk factors associated with interocular difference (IOD) in VA of >= 2 lines with <= 20/32 in the worse eye, or bilateral decreased VA <20/40 or <20/50 if <48 months of age.
Results: In multivariate logistic regression analysis, 2-line IOD with a VA of <= 20/32 was independently associated with Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 2.05), esotropia (OR, 8.98), spherical equivalent (SE) anisometropia (ORs ranging between 1.5 and 39.7 for SE anisometropia ranging between 0.50 to <1.00 diopters [D] and >= 2.00 D), and aniso-astigmatism in J0 or J45 (ORs ranging between 1.4 and >= 5.3 for J0 or J45 differences ranging between 0.25 to <0.50 D and >= 1.00 D). Bilateral decreased VA was independently associated with lack of health insurance (OR, 2.9), lower primary caregiver education (OR, 1.7), astigmatism (OR, 2.3 and 17.6 for astigmatism 1.00 to <2.00 D and >= 2.00 D), and SE hyperopia >= 4.00 D (OR, 10.8).
Conclusions: Anisometropia and esotropia are risk factors for IOD in VA. Astigmatism and high hyperopia are risk factors for bilateral decreased VA. Guidelines for the screening and management of decreased VA in preschool children should be considered in light of these risk associations.
Financial Disclosure(s): The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article. Ophthalmology 2011;118:2262-2273 (C) 2011 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
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Details
- Title
- Risk Factors for Decreased Visual Acuity in Preschool Children The Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease and Baltimore Pediatric Eye Disease Studies
- Creators
- Kristina Tarczy-Hornoch - University of Southern CaliforniaRohit Varma - Doheny Eye InstituteSusan A. Cotter - Doheny Eye InstituteRoberta McKean-Cowdin - University of Southern CaliforniaJesse H. Lin - University of Southern CaliforniaMark S. Borchert - University of Southern CaliforniaMina Torres - University of Southern CaliforniaGe Wen - University of Southern CaliforniaStanley P. Azen - University of Southern CaliforniaJames M. Tielsch - Johns Hopkins MedicineDavid S. Friedman - Johns Hopkins MedicineMichael X. Repka - Johns Hopkins MedicineJoanne Katz - Johns Hopkins MedicineJosephine Ibironke - Johns Hopkins UniversityLydia Giordano - Johns Hopkins UniversityMulti-Ethnic Pediat Eye Dis Study
- Publication Details
- Ophthalmology (Rochester, Minn.), v 118(11), pp 2262-2273
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Number of pages
- 12
- Grant note
- Research to Prevent Blindness, New York, New York; Research to Prevent Blindness (RPB) U10EY014483 / NATIONAL EYE INSTITUTE; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI) EY14472; EY03040; EY14483 / National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Eye Institute (NEI)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Pennsylvania College of Optometry (PCO)
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000296573500023
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-80255138813
- Other Identifier
- 991022156221604721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Ophthalmology