Journal article
Social Inequalities in Child Development: Analysis of Low-Birth-Weight Trends in Brazil, 2010–2020
Journal of prevention (2022 : Print), v 45(4), pp 545-555
01 Aug 2024
PMID: 38635018
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Introduction
Low birth weight (LBW) is a global issue prevalent in low-income countries. Economic assessments of interventions to reduce this burden are crucial to guide health policies. However, there is a relative scarcity of research that illustrates the magnitude of LBW by country and region to support the design of public policies.
Objective
This study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of fetal growth in newborns in Brazil between 2010 and 2020.
Methods
A time series study was conducted using data from the Live Births Information System (SINASC), which is managed by the Department of Information and Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The Prais-Winsten linear model was applied to analyze the annual proportions of LBW. The annual percentage changes (APC) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Prevalence rate averages of LBW were calculated and displayed on thematic maps to visualize the evolution dynamics in each Federation Unit (FU).
Results
A total of 31,887,329 women from all Federative Units of Brazil were included in the study from 2010 to 2020. The Southeast region had the largest proportion of participants, with records from 2015 accounting for 9.5% of the total. Among the women in the study, 49.6% were between the ages of 20 and 29, and the majority (75.5%) had between 8 and 12 years of schooling. The newborns of these women were predominantly male (58.8%) and non-white (59.5%). The study found that there was a trend towards stabilization of increasing proportions of LBW in the North, Northeast, and Centre-West regions between 2010 and 2020. In Brazil and other regions, these tendencies remained stable.
Conclusion
To improve living conditions and reduce social inequalities and health inequities, public policies and actions are necessary. Strengthening the Unified Health System (SUS), income transfer programs, quota policies for vulnerable groups, and gender equality measures such as improving access to education for women and the labor sector are among the suggested approaches.
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Details
- Title
- Social Inequalities in Child Development: Analysis of Low-Birth-Weight Trends in Brazil, 2010–2020
- Creators
- Audêncio Victor - Universidade de São PauloItalo Wesley Oliveira Aguiar - Universidade Federal do CearáRenzo Flores-Ortiz - Fundação Oswaldo CruzManuel Mahoche - Universidade de São PauloAna Raquel Manuel Gotine - Universidade de São PauloIla Falcão - Fundação Oswaldo CruzMelsequisete Daniel Vasco - Universidade Federal da BahiaAndrêa Ferreira - Centre for Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Center on Racism, Global Movements, and Population Health, Dornsife School of Public Health, Equity Drexel UniversitySancho Pedro Xavier - Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoMark Omenka - University of CalabarJosé Leopoldo Ferreira Antunes - Universidade de São PauloPatrícia H. Rondo - Universidade de São Paulo
- Publication Details
- Journal of prevention (2022 : Print), v 45(4), pp 545-555
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 11
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Dana and David Dornsife School of Public Health
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001205048800001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85190713211
- Other Identifier
- 991022202500204721
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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Source: SDGs in the Output
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health