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Spatial control of membrane traffic in neuronal dendrites
Journal article   Open access   Peer reviewed

Spatial control of membrane traffic in neuronal dendrites

Megan R Radler, Ayana Suber and Elias T Spiliotis
Molecular and cellular neurosciences, v 105, pp 103492-103492
Jun 2020
PMID: 32294508
url
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7317674View
Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified) Open

Abstract

Animals Cytoskeleton - metabolism Dendrites - metabolism Golgi Apparatus - metabolism Humans Microtubules - metabolism Neurons - cytology Protein Transport - physiology
Neuronal dendrites are highly branched and specialized compartments with distinct structures and secretory organelles (e.g., spines, Golgi outposts), and a unique cytoskeletal organization that includes microtubules of mixed polarity. Dendritic membranes are enriched with proteins, which specialize in the formation and function of the post-synaptic membrane of the neuronal synapse. How these proteins partition preferentially in dendrites, and how they traffic in a manner that is spatiotemporally accurate and regulated by synaptic activity are long-standing questions of neuronal cell biology. Recent studies have shed new insights into the spatial control of dendritic membrane traffic, revealing new classes of proteins (e.g., septins) and cytoskeleton-based mechanisms with dendrite-specific functions. Here, we review these advances by revisiting the fundamental mechanisms that control membrane traffic at the levels of protein sorting and motor-driven transport on microtubules and actin filaments. Overall, dendrites possess unique mechanisms for the spatial control of membrane traffic, which might have specialized and co-evolved with their highly arborized morphology.

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