Journal article
Spatial distribution and size evolution of particles in Asian outflow: Significance of primary and secondary aerosols during ACE‐Asia and TRACE‐P
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, v 109(D19), pp D19S06-n/a
16 Oct 2004
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Abstract
Quasi‐Lagrangian aircraft measurements above the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and Sea of Japan revealed synoptic‐scale secondary aerosol formation and condensational growth during the Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE‐Asia) and Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE‐P) experiment. This occurred in the presence of pollution and mineral dust aerosol surface areas as high as 1200 μm2 cm−3. Concentrations of sulfuric acid generally appeared insufficient for binary nucleation, but observations, models, and theory are consistent with a ternary nucleation mechanism involving H2SO4‐H2O‐NH3. Growth rates of ∼2 nm h−1 can be explained by the condensation of sulfuric acid at a rate of 2 ± 1 × 106 molecules cm−3 s−1. Aerosol volatility suggested increasing neutralization of the aerosol during growth. Size distribution measurements suggest that weak (mean condensation nuclei (CN) 3–13 nm ≈ 500 cm−3) new particle production was a common occurrence in the region. However, new particle production was enhanced by ∼1 order of magnitude (mean CN 3–13 nm ≈ 5000 cm−3) in postfrontal air masses associated with offshore flow during cloud‐free conditions. Fog and clouds appear to be regionally important in modulating nucleation events through scavenging of secondary aerosol and through depletion of gas‐phase precursors through enhanced heterogeneous chemistry. Our results indicate that only 10–30% of the total aerosol population consists of aged secondary aerosols after ∼2 days of transport from source regions. In spite of their high production during nucleation events, secondary aerosols advected out over the Pacific Ocean will have a small impact upon indirect forcing and a negligible impact upon direct forcing compared to primary aerosol emissions and the species that condense upon them.
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Details
- Title
- Spatial distribution and size evolution of particles in Asian outflow: Significance of primary and secondary aerosols during ACE‐Asia and TRACE‐P
- Creators
- Cameron S. McNaughton - University of Hawaii SystemAntony D. Clarke - University of Hawaii SystemSteven G. Howell - University of Hawaii SystemKenneth G. Moore - University of Hawaii SystemVera Brekhovskikh - University of Hawaii SystemRodney J. Weber - Georgia Institute of TechnologyDouglas A. Orsini - Georgia Institute of TechnologyDavid S. Covert - University of WashingtonGintautas Buzorius - Brookhaven National LaboratoryFred J. Brechtel - Brookhaven National LaboratoryGregory R. Carmichael - University of IowaYouhua Tang - University of IowaFred L. Eisele - National Center for Atmospheric ResearchR. Lee Mauldin - National Center for Atmospheric ResearchAlan R. Bandy - Drexel UniversityDonald C. Thornton - Drexel UniversityByron Blomquist - Drexel University
- Publication Details
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, v 109(D19), pp D19S06-n/a
- Number of pages
- 19
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- [Retired Faculty]
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000224123800001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-10844252108
- Other Identifier
- 991019169526104721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences