Journal article
Spatial variation in inversion-focused vs 24-h integrated samples of PM2.5 and black carbon across Pittsburgh, PA
Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, v 26(4), pp 365-376
01 Jul 2016
PMID: 25921079
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
A growing literature explores intra-urban variation in pollution concentrations. Few studies, however, have examined spatial variation during "peak" hours of the day (e.g., rush hours, inversion conditions), which may have strong bearing for source identification and epidemiological analyses. We aimed to capture "peak" spatial variation across a region of complex terrain, legacy industry, and frequent atmospheric inversions. We hypothesized stronger spatial contrast in concentrations during hours prone to atmospheric inversions and heavy traffic, and designed a 2-year monitoring campaign to capture spatial variation in fine particles (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC). Inversion-focused integrated monitoring (0600-1100 hours) was performed during year 1 (20112012) and compared with 1-week 24-h integrated results from year 2 (2012-2013). To allocate sampling sites, we explored spatial distributions in key sources (i.e., traffic, industry) and potential modifiers (i.e., elevation) in geographic information systems (GIS), and allocated 37 sites for spatial and source variability across the metropolitan domain (similar to 388 km(2)). Land use regression (LUR) models were developed and compared by pollutant, season, and sampling method. As expected, we found stronger spatial contrasts in PM2.5 and BC using inversion-focused sampling, suggesting greater differences in peak exposures across urban areas than is captured by most integrated saturation campaigns. Temporal variability, commercial and industrial land use, PM2.5 emissions, and elevation were significant predictors, but did not more strongly predict concentrations during peak hours.
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Details
- Title
- Spatial variation in inversion-focused vs 24-h integrated samples of PM2.5 and black carbon across Pittsburgh, PA
- Creators
- Brett J. Tunno - University of PittsburghDrew R. Michanowicz - University of PittsburghJessie L. C. Shmool - University of PittsburghEllen Kinnee - University of PittsburghLeah Cambal - University of PittsburghSheila Tripathy - University of PittsburghSara Gillooly - University of PittsburghCourtney Roper - University of PittsburghLauren Chubb - University of PittsburghJane E. Clougherty - University of Pittsburgh
- Publication Details
- Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology, v 26(4), pp 365-376
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 12
- Grant note
- University of Pittsburgh Department of Environmental and Occupational Health funds Heinz Foundation Allegheny County Health Department
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Dana and David Dornsife School of Public Health; Drexel University; Environmental and Occupational Health
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000378111800004
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84928689040
- Other Identifier
- 991020099164704721
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InCites Highlights
Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:
- Web of Science research areas
- Environmental Sciences
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
- Toxicology