The Great Markarian 421 Flare of 2010 February: Multiwavelength Variability and Correlation Studies

A. U Abeysekara; W Benbow; R Bird; A Brill; R Brose; M Buchovecky; J. H Buckley; J. L Christiansen; A. J Chromey; M. K Daniel; J Dumm; A Falcone; Q Feng; J. P Finley; L Fortson; A Furniss; N Galante; A Gent; G. H Gillanders; C Giuri; O Gueta; T Hassan; O Hervet; J Holder; G Hughes; T. B Humensky; C. A Johnson; P Kaaret; P Kar; N Kelley-Hoskins; M Kertzman; D Kieda; M Krause; F Krennrich; S Kumar; M. J Lang; P Moriarty; R Mukherjee; T Nelson; D Nieto; M Nievas-Rosillo; S O'Brien; R. A Ong; A. N Otte; N Park; A Petrashyk; A Pichel; M Pohl; R. R Prado; E Pueschel; J Quinn; K Ragan; P. T Reynolds; G. T Richards; E Roache; A. C Rovero; C Rulten; I Sadeh; M Santander; G. H Sembroski; K Shahinyan; B Stevenson; I Sushch; J Tyler; V. V Vassiliev; S. P Wakely; A Weinstein; R. M Wells; P Wilcox; A Wilhelm; D. A Williams; B Zitzer; V. A Acciari; S Ansoldi; L. A Antonelli; A. Arbet Engels; D Baack; A Babic; B Banerjee; U Barres de Almeida; J. A Barrio; J Becerra Gonzalez; W Bednarek; L Bellizzi; E Bernardini; A Berti; J Besenrieder; W Bhattacharyya; C Bigongiari; A Biland; O Blanch; G Bonnoli; G Busetto; R Carosi; G Ceribella; Y Chai; S Cikota; S. M Colak; U Colin; E Colombo; J. L Contreras; J Cortina; S Covino; V D'Elia; P Vela; F Dazzi; A De Angelis; B De Lotto; M Delfino; J Delgado; F Di Pierro; E Souto Espinera; D. Dominis Prester; D Dorner; M Doro; S Einecke; D Elsaesser; V. Fallah Ramazani; A Fattorini; A Fernandez-Barral; G Ferrara; D Fidalgo; L Foffano; M. Fonseca; L Font; C Fruck; D Galindo; S Gallozzi; R. J Garcia Lopez; M Garczarczyk; S Gasparyan; M Gaug; N Godinovic; D Green; D Guberman; D Hadasch; A Hahn; J Herrera; J Hoang; D Hrupec; S Inoue; K Ishio; Y Iwamura; H Kubo; J Kushida; A Lamastra; D Lelas; F Leone; E Lindfors; S Lombardi; F Longo; M Lopez; R Lopez-Coto; A Lopez-Oramas; B Machado de Oliveira Fraga; C Maggio; P Majumdar; M Makariev; M Mallamaci; G Maneva; M Manganaro; K Mannheim; L Maraschi; M Mariotti; M Martinez; S Masuda; D Mazin; D Miceli; M Minev; J. M Miranda; R Mirzoyan; E Molina; A Moralejo; D Morcuende; V Moreno; E Moretti; P Munar-Adrover; V Neustroev; A Niedzwiecki; C Nigro; K Nilsson; D Ninci; K Nishijima; K Noda; L Nogues; M Noethe; S Paiano; J Palacio; M Palatiello; D Paneque; R Paoletti; J. M Paredes; P Penil; M Peresano; M Persic; P. G. Prada Moroni; E Prandini; I Puljak; W Rhode; M Ribo; J Rico; C Righi; A Rugliancich; L Saha; N Sahakyan; T Saito; K Satalecka; T Schweizer; J Sitarek; I Snidaric; D Sobczynska; A Somero; A Stamerra; D Strom; M Strzys; S Sun; T Suric; F Tavecchio; P Temnikov; T Terzic; M Teshima; N Torres-Alba; S Tsujimoto; J van Scherpenberg; G Vanzo; M Vazquez Acosta; I Vovk; M Will; D Zaric; H. D Aller; M. F Aller; M. T Carini; D Horan; B Jordan; S. G Jorstad; O. M Kurtanidze; S. O Kurtanidze; A Lahteenmaki; V. M Larionov; E. G Larionova; G Madejski; A. P Marscher; W Max-Moerbeck; J. Ward Moody; D. A Morozova; M. G Nikolashvili; C. M Raiteri; A. C. S Readhead; J. L Richards; A. C Sadun; T Sakamoto; L. A Sigua; P. S Smith; H Talvikki; J Tammi; M Tornikoski; I. S Troitsky; M Villata

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab6612

Back

The Great Markarian 421 Flare of 2010 February: Multiwavelength Variability and Correlation Studies

Journal article

Open access

Peer reviewed

The Great Markarian 421 Flare of 2010 February: Multiwavelength Variability and Correlation Studies

A. U Abeysekara, W Benbow, R Bird, A Brill, R Brose, M Buchovecky, J. H Buckley, J. L Christiansen, A. J Chromey, M. K Daniel, …

The Astrophysical journal, v 890(2), 97

Feb 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6612

Files and links (1)

url

https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab6612View

Published, Version of Record (VoR) Open Maybe Open Access (Publisher Bronze)

Abstract

BL Lacertae objects

Blazars

Gamma-ray astronomy

Markarian galaxies

Relativistic jets

Time domain astronomy

High Energy Astrophysics

We report on variability and correlation studies using multiwavelength observations of the blazar Mrk 421 during the month of 2010 February, when an extraordinary flare reaching a level of similar to 27 Crab Units above 1 TeV was measured in very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) observatory. This is the highest flux state for Mrk 421 ever observed in VHE gamma-rays. Data are analyzed from a coordinated campaign across multiple instruments, including VHE gamma-ray (VERITAS, Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov), high-energy gamma-ray (Fermi-LAT), X-ray (Swift, Rossi X-ray Timing Experiment, MAXI), optical (including the GASP-WEBT collaboration and polarization data), and radio (Metsahovi, Owens Valley Radio Observatory, University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory). Light curves are produced spanning multiple days before and after the peak of the VHE flare, including over several flare "decline" epochs. The main flare statistics allow 2 minute time bins to be constructed in both the VHE and optical bands enabling a cross-correlation analysis that shows evidence for an optical lag of similar to 25-55 minutes, the first time-lagged correlation between these bands reported on such short timescales. Limits on the Doppler factor (delta greater than or similar to 33) and the size of the emission region (delta(-1) R-B less than or similar to 3.8 x 10(13) cm) are obtained from the fast variability observed by VERITAS during the main flare. Analysis of 10 minute binned VHE and X-ray data over the decline epochs shows an extraordinary range of behavior in the flux-flux relationship, from linear to quadratic to lack of correlation to anticorrelation. Taken together, these detailed observations of an unprecedented flare seen in Mrk 421 are difficult to explain with the classic single-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. Immediate access This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at repository@u.library.arizona.edu.

Metrics

5 Record Views

34 citations in Web of Science

Details

Title: The Great Markarian 421 Flare of 2010 February: Multiwavelength Variability and Correlation Studies
Creators: A. U Abeysekara
W Benbow
R Bird
A Brill
R Brose
M Buchovecky
J. H Buckley
J. L Christiansen
A. J Chromey
M. K Daniel
J Dumm
A Falcone
Q Feng
J. P Finley
L Fortson
A Furniss
N Galante
A Gent
G. H Gillanders
C Giuri
O Gueta
T Hassan
O Hervet
J Holder
G Hughes
T. B Humensky
C. A Johnson
P Kaaret
P Kar
N Kelley-Hoskins
M Kertzman
D Kieda
M Krause
F Krennrich
S Kumar
M. J Lang
P Moriarty
R Mukherjee
T Nelson
D Nieto
M Nievas-Rosillo
S O'Brien
R. A Ong
A. N Otte
N Park
A Petrashyk
A Pichel
M Pohl
R. R Prado
E Pueschel
J Quinn
K Ragan
P. T Reynolds
G. T Richards
E Roache
A. C Rovero
C Rulten
I Sadeh
M Santander
G. H Sembroski
K Shahinyan
B Stevenson
I Sushch
J Tyler
V. V Vassiliev
S. P Wakely
A Weinstein
R. M Wells
P Wilcox
A Wilhelm
D. A Williams
B Zitzer
V. A Acciari
S Ansoldi
L. A Antonelli
A. Arbet Engels
D Baack
A Babic
B Banerjee
U Barres de Almeida
J. A Barrio
J Becerra Gonzalez
W Bednarek
L Bellizzi
E Bernardini
A Berti
J Besenrieder
W Bhattacharyya
C Bigongiari
A Biland
O Blanch
G Bonnoli
G Busetto
R Carosi
G Ceribella
Y Chai
S Cikota
S. M Colak
U Colin
E Colombo
J. L Contreras
J Cortina
S Covino
V D'Elia
P Vela
F Dazzi
A De Angelis
B De Lotto
M Delfino
J Delgado
F Di Pierro
E Souto Espinera
D. Dominis Prester
D Dorner
M Doro
S Einecke
D Elsaesser
V. Fallah Ramazani
A Fattorini
A Fernandez-Barral
G Ferrara
D Fidalgo
L Foffano
M. Fonseca
L Font
C Fruck
D Galindo
S Gallozzi
R. J Garcia Lopez
M Garczarczyk
S Gasparyan
M Gaug
N Godinovic
D Green
D Guberman
D Hadasch
A Hahn
J Herrera
J Hoang
D Hrupec
S Inoue
K Ishio
Y Iwamura
H Kubo
J Kushida
A Lamastra
D Lelas
F Leone
E Lindfors
S Lombardi
F Longo
M Lopez
R Lopez-Coto
A Lopez-Oramas
B Machado de Oliveira Fraga
C Maggio
P Majumdar
M Makariev
M Mallamaci
G Maneva
M Manganaro
K Mannheim
L Maraschi
M Mariotti
M Martinez
S Masuda
D Mazin
D Miceli
M Minev
J. M Miranda
R Mirzoyan
E Molina
A Moralejo
D Morcuende
V Moreno
E Moretti
P Munar-Adrover
V Neustroev
A Niedzwiecki
C Nigro
K Nilsson
D Ninci
K Nishijima
K Noda
L Nogues
M Noethe
S Paiano
J Palacio
M Palatiello
D Paneque
R Paoletti
J. M Paredes
P Penil
M Peresano
M Persic
P. G. Prada Moroni
E Prandini
I Puljak
W Rhode
M Ribo
J Rico
C Righi
A Rugliancich
L Saha
N Sahakyan
T Saito
K Satalecka
T Schweizer
J Sitarek
I Snidaric
D Sobczynska
A Somero
A Stamerra
D Strom
M Strzys
S Sun
T Suric
F Tavecchio
P Temnikov
T Terzic
M Teshima
N Torres-Alba
S Tsujimoto
J van Scherpenberg
G Vanzo
M Vazquez Acosta
I Vovk
M Will
D Zaric
H. D Aller
M. F Aller
M. T Carini
D Horan
B Jordan
S. G Jorstad
O. M Kurtanidze
S. O Kurtanidze
A Lahteenmaki
V. M Larionov
E. G Larionova
G Madejski
A. P Marscher
W Max-Moerbeck
J. Ward Moody
D. A Morozova
M. G Nikolashvili
C. M Raiteri
A. C. S Readhead
J. L Richards
A. C Sadun
T Sakamoto
L. A Sigua
P. S Smith
H Talvikki
J Tammi
M Tornikoski
I. S Troitsky
M Villata
Publication Details: The Astrophysical journal, v 890(2), 97
Publisher: IOP PUBLISHING LTD
Number of pages: 21
Resource Type: Journal article
Language: English
Academic Unit: Physics
Web of Science ID: WOS:000629751100006
Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85081537040
Other Identifier: 991019201362804721

InCites Highlights

Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:

Collaboration types: Domestic collaboration; International collaboration
Web of Science research areas: Astronomy & Astrophysics

The Great Markarian 421 Flare of 2010 February: Multiwavelength Variability and Correlation Studies

Files and links (1)

Abstract

Metrics

Details

InCites Highlights

Drexel University Social media