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Journal article
The association between material-psychological-behavioral framework of financial hardship and markers of inflammation: a cross-sectional study of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Refresher cohort
BMC public health, v 23(1), 1845
21 Sep 2023
PMCID: 10514981
PMID: 37735377
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background : Measures of financial hardship have been suggested to supplement traditional indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) to elucidate household economic well-being. This study formally tested the construct validity of financial hardship and examined its association with markers of inflammation.
Methods : This study utilized data from the Midlife Development in the United States Refresher Study (MIDUS-R; Age = 23-76, 53.7% female, 71% white). Participants were divided into exploratory factor analysis (EFA; completed SAQs only; N = 2,243) and confirmatory factor analysis sample (CFA; completed SAQs and biomarker assessment; N = 863). Analysis was divided into three steps. First, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is used to examine if the three-domain factor (material, psychological, and behavioral) is the best fitting model for financial hardship measures. Second, we conducted CFA to test the hypothesized three-factor measurement model of financial hardship. Third, we tested the association between domains and the general latent factor of financial hardship and inflammation (interleukin 6/IL6, c-reactive protein/CRP, and fibrinogen).
Results : Results from EFA supported the three-domain model of financial hardship. The hypothesized three-domain measurement model fits well in a different sample within MIDUS-R. In the models adjusted for age and sex, higher material hardship was associated with elevated IL6, CRP, and fibrinogen, while higher behavioral hardship was associated with higher CRP. The association between the material domain and IL6 remained significant after adding body mass index, education, and race as additional covariates. The second-order financial hardship measurement model was associated with IL6, CRP, and fibrinogen, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education, and race.
Conclusion : Explicating the socioeconomic environment to include indicators of financial hardship can help researchers better understand the pathway between SES and the inflammation process, which may help elucidate pathways between SES and age-related chronic diseases associated with inflammation.
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Details
- Title
- The association between material-psychological-behavioral framework of financial hardship and markers of inflammation: a cross-sectional study of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Refresher cohort
- Creators
- Agus Surachman - Drexel UniversityReginald Tucker-Seeley - Prostate Cancer FoundationDavid M. Almeida - Pennsylvania State University
- Publication Details
- BMC public health, v 23(1), 1845
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 15
- Grant note
- We would like to thank all the MIDUS participants for taking the time to participate in the study and share information about their lives.
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Dana and David Dornsife School of Public Health; Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:001070876400005
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85171845937
- Other Identifier
- 991021463693204721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health