Journal article
The mechanics of spiral flow: Enhanced washout and transport
Artificial organs, v 43(12), pp 1144-1153
Dec 2019
PMID: 31211870
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Spiral/helical forms of blood flow have been observed in large arteries of the cardiovascular system, but their benefits remain underappreciated. Spiral flow has been postulated to improve near-wall washout, promoting anti-atherothrombotic conditions. This research aims to study the washout characteristics of spiral flow, specifically, its ability to increase velocity and wall shear stress (WSS) in atherothrombotic-prone regions. Using 1.2 cm diameter angled test-conduits (45°, 90°, 135°) with known recirculation/stasis regions at the bend corners, spiral flow washout potential was evaluated in terms of low velocity and low WSS. Two sub-studies were conducted: the first utilized a spiral flow-inducing device to enable qualitative analysis of washout-potential in both computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations and benchtop ultrasound visualization; the second used CFD to study the impact of several induced helical wavelengths on the conduit-dependent recirculation/stasis zones. Physical models of the angled conduits and spiral flow-inducer were 3D-printed to facilitate ultrasound visualization. Compared to straight flow, spiral flow generated by the flow-inducer significantly cleared the recirculation/stasis zones at the corners of the angled conduits. CFD simulations demonstrated that past a geometry-dependent threshold, increased helical content improved washout, denoted by decreased regions of low velocity and low WSS. Overall, spiral flow markedly improved washout in difficult to reach areas in the angled conduits. This has several important clinical implications: spiral flow shows great promise in reducing blood-transport-related complications and can be used to enhance the performance of future medical devices (eg grafts, mechanical circulatory support devices, hemodialysis access ports).
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Details
- Title
- The mechanics of spiral flow: Enhanced washout and transport
- Creators
- Pablo Huang Zhang - Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaColin Tkatch - Drexel UniversityRobert Newman - Drexel UniversityWilliam Grimme - Drexel UniversityDmitri Vainchtein - Drexel UniversityJ Yasha Kresh - Drexel University
- Publication Details
- Artificial organs, v 43(12), pp 1144-1153
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Grant note
- CMMI-1740777 / National Science Foundation
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- C. and J. Nyheim Plasma Institute; [Retired Faculty]; Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000476066300001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85069837168
- Other Identifier
- 991019168884004721
UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
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InCites Highlights
Data related to this publication, from InCites Benchmarking & Analytics tool:
- Web of Science research areas
- Engineering, Biomedical
- Transplantation