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Journal article
Theiler's virus infection: a model for multiple sclerosis
Clinical microbiology reviews, v 17(1)
Jan 2004
PMID: 14726460
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Both genetic background and environmental factors, very probably viruses, appear to play a role in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Lessons from viral experimental models suggest that many different viruses may trigger inflammatory demyelinating diseases resembling MS. Theiler's virus, a picornavirus, induces in susceptible strains of mice early acute disease resembling encephalomyelitis followed by late chronic demyelinating disease, which is one of the best, if not the best, animal model for MS. During early acute disease the virus replicates in gray matter of the central nervous system but is eliminated to very low titers 2 weeks postinfection. Late chronic demyelinating disease becomes clinically apparent approximately 2 weeks later and is characterized by extensive demyelinating lesions and mononuclear cell infiltrates, progressive spinal cord atrophy, and axonal loss. Myelin damage is immunologically mediated, but it is not clear whether it is due to molecular mimicry or epitope spreading. Cytokines, nitric oxide/reactive nitrogen species, and costimulatory molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases. Close similarities between Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease in mice and MS in humans, include the following: major histocompatibility complex-dependent susceptibility; substantial similarities in neuropathology, including axonal damage and remyelination; and paucity of T-cell apoptosis in demyelinating disease. Both diseases are immunologically mediated. These common features emphasize the close similarities of Theiler's virus-induced demyelinating disease in mice and MS in humans.
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Details
- Title
- Theiler's virus infection: a model for multiple sclerosis
- Creators
- Emilia L Oleszak - Temple UniversityJ Robert Chang - 3Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyHerman Friedman - University of South FloridaChristos D Katsetos - Drexel UniversityChris D Platsoucas - 3Department of Microbiology and Immunology
- Publication Details
- Clinical microbiology reviews, v 17(1)
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
- Grant note
- T32 AI07101 / NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI007101 / NIAID NIH HHS
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000188616800008
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-1642474429
- Other Identifier
- 991019346720204721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Microbiology