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Journal article
Timing of the Diagnosis of Autism in African American Children
Pediatrics (Evanston), v 146(3), pe20193629
01 Sep 2020
PMID: 32839243
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
To explore racial disparities for African Americans with autism in diagnosis and access to care, and familial and socioeconomic correlates of elevated rates of comorbid ID. <media content-type="play-in-place height-270 width-460" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="PEDS-VA_2019-3629" xlink:role="external-host-filename" id="vid1"><object-id pub-id-type="media-player-id">BrightcoveDefaultPlayer</object-id><object-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1542/6158618575001</object-id><object-id pub-id-type="other" content-type="media-stream-id">PEDS-VA_2019-3629</object-id>Video Abstract OBJECTIVES:African American (AA) children affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience delays in diagnosis and obstacles to service access, as well as a disproportionate burden of intellectual disability (ID) as documented in surveillance data recently published by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Our objective in this study was to analyze data from the largest-available repository of diagnostic and phenotypic information on AA children with ASD, and to explore the wide variation in outcome within the cohort as a function of sociodemographic risk and specific obstacles to service access for the purpose of informing a national approach to resolution of these disparities.METHODS:Parents of 584 AA children with autism consecutively enrolled in the Autism Genetic Resource Exchange across 4 US data collection sites completed event history calendar interviews of the diagnostic odysseys for their children with ASD. These data were examined in relation to developmental outcomes of the children with autism and their unaffected siblings.RESULTS:The average age of ASD diagnosis was 64.9 months (49.6), on average 42.3 months (+/- 45.1) after parents' first concerns about their children's development. The relationship between timing of diagnosis and ASD severity was complex, and ID comorbidity was not predicted in a straightforward manner by familial factors associated with cognitive variation in the general population.CONCLUSIONS:These findings document significant opportunity to expedite diagnosis, the need to further understand causes of ID comorbidity, and the necessity to identify effective approaches to the resolution of disparities in severity-of-outcome for AA children with autism.
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Details
- Title
- Timing of the Diagnosis of Autism in African American Children
- Creators
- John N. Constantino - Washington University in St. LouisAnna M. Abbacchi - Washington University in St. LouisCeline Saulnier - Marcus Autism Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.Cheryl Klaiman - Marcus Autism Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.David S. Mandell - University of PennsylvaniaYi Zhang - Washington University in St. LouisZoe Hawks - Washington University in St. LouisJulianna Bates - Albert Einstein College of MedicineAmi Klin - Marcus Autism Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.Paul Shattuck - Drexel UniversitySophie Molholm - Albert Einstein College of MedicineRobert Fitzgerald - Washington University in St. LouisAnne Roux - Drexel UniversityJennifer K. Lowe - University of California, Los AngelesDaniel H. Geschwind - University of California, Los Angeles
- Publication Details
- Pediatrics (Evanston), v 146(3), pe20193629
- Publisher
- Amer Acad Pediatrics
- Number of pages
- 9
- Grant note
- National Institutes of Health (NIH); United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center at Washington University in St Louis MH100027; HD087011 / US National Institutes of Health; United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000562996900014
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85090249732
- Other Identifier
- 991019167765904721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Pediatrics