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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Transfer of incentive salience from a first-order alcohol cue to a novel second-order alcohol cue among individuals at risk for alcohol use disorder: electrophysiological evidence
Addiction (Abingdon, England), v 116(7), pp 1734-1746
Jul 2021
PMID: 33338310
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
Background and aims In susceptible individuals, cues associated with drug use are theorized to take on incentive-motivational properties, including the ability to reinforce higher-order, drug-related associative learning. This study aimed to test this prediction among people varying in risk for alcohol use disorder. Design, setting and participants Repeated-measures experiment with a measured individual difference variable at a University psychology laboratory in Missouri, USA. One hundred and six young adults (96 contributed complete data) were pre-selected to represent the upper and lower quartiles of self-reported sensitivity to alcohol's acute effects. Measurements Participants completed a second-order Pavlovian conditioning paradigm in which an initially neutral visual cue (second-order conditional stimulus; CS2) predicted onset of an olfactory cue (first-order conditional stimulus; CS1). Olfactory cues were isolated from alcoholic beverages, sweets and non-comestible substances, each presumed to have a natural history of first-order conditioning. Event-related potential responses to the CS2 across its conditioning and extinction, and to the CS1, provided neurophysiological indices of incentive salience (IS). Findings The IS of the alcohol CS1 was higher among participants low in alcohol sensitivity (LS), relative to their higher-sensitivity (HS) peers. The IS of the CS2 paired with the alcohol CS1 increased across the CS2 conditioning phase among LS but not HS participants. Also, LS (but not HS) individuals also experienced increases in alcohol craving following alcohol CS1 exposure, and this change was correlated with increases in the IS of the CS2 paired with the alcohol CS1. Conclusions Alcoholic beverage odor, a proximal cue for alcohol consumption, appears to reinforce conditioning of neurophysiological responses to a novel cue among low alcohol sensitivity (LS) individuals but not high alcohol sensitivity individuals, providing the first evidence that the LS phenotype may be associated with differences in the conditioned reinforcing properties of alcohol-related cues. These findings support the idea that the LS phenotype may increase alcohol use disorder risk via susceptibility to incentive salience sensitization.
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Details
- Title
- Transfer of incentive salience from a first-order alcohol cue to a novel second-order alcohol cue among individuals at risk for alcohol use disorder: electrophysiological evidence
- Creators
- Kimberly A. Fleming - Drexel UniversityRoberto U. Cofresi - University of MissouriBruce D. Bartholow - University of Missouri
- Publication Details
- Addiction (Abingdon, England), v 116(7), pp 1734-1746
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Number of pages
- 13
- Grant note
- AA013526 / T32 program University of Missouri Department of Psychological Sciences Mission Enhancement Fund F31 AA022551; P60 AA011998; 5979; R01 AA025451 / National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA); United States Department of Health & Human Services; National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA; NIH National Institute on Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism (NIAAA)
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Psychiatry
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000609906300001
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-85107001298
- Other Identifier
- 991021860758504721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Psychiatry
- Substance Abuse