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Accepted (AM)Open Access (License Unspecified), Open
Journal article
Urbanicity and Autism Spectrum Disorders
Journal of autism and developmental disorders, v 44(2), pp 394-404
01 Feb 2014
PMID: 23807204
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
The etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is for the majority of cases unknown and more studies of risk factors are needed. Geographic variation in ASD occurrence has been observed, and urban residence has been suggested to serve as a proxy for etiologic and identification factors in ASD. We examined the association between urbanicity level and ASD at birth and during childhood. The study used a Danish register-based cohort of more than 800,000 children of which nearly 4,000 children were diagnosed with ASD. We found a dose-response association with greater level of urbanicity and risk of ASD. This association was found for residence at birth as well as residence during childhood. Further, we found an increased risk of ASD in children who moved to a higher level of urbanicity after birth. Also, earlier age of ASD diagnosis in urban areas was observed. While we could not directly examine the specific reasons behind these associations, our results demonstrating particularly strong associations between ASD diagnosis and post-birth migration suggest the influence of identification-related factors such as access to services might have a substantive role on the ASD differentials we observed.
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Details
- Title
- Urbanicity and Autism Spectrum Disorders
- Creators
- Marlene B. Lauritsen - Aarhus University HospitalAske Astrup - Aarhus UniversityCarsten Bocker Pedersen - Univ Aarhus, Natl Ctr Register Based Res, Fac Social Sci, iPSYCH, Aarhus, DenmarkCarsten Obel - Aarhus UniversityDiana E. Schendel - National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental DisabilitiesLaura Schieve - National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental DisabilitiesMarshalyn Yeargin-Allsopp - Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USAErik T. Parner - Aarhus University
- Publication Details
- Journal of autism and developmental disorders, v 44(2), pp 394-404
- Publisher
- Springer Nature
- Number of pages
- 11
- Grant note
- CC999999 / Intramural CDC HHS R155-2014-1724 / Lundbeck Foundation; Lundbeckfonden
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- A.J. Drexel Autism Institute
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000330627500016
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84898013745
- Other Identifier
- 991021230003804721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Psychology, Developmental