Journal article
Urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) levels among pregnant women in Mexico City: Distribution and relationships with child neurodevelopment
Environmental research, v 147
May 2016
PMCID: PMC4821665
PMID: 26922411
Featured in Collection : UN Sustainable Development Goals @ Drexel
Abstract
In recent years, pyrethroid pesticide use has increased in Mexico, the United States, and elsewhere, resulting in extensive human exposure. There is growing concern that pregnant women may be a particularly vulnerable population, as in utero fetal exposure during critical periods of development could adversely affect long-term neurobehavioral function.
We measured maternal urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) concentrations during the third trimester of pregnancy as a measure of in utero pyrethroid exposure to the fetus among participants in an established Mexico City birth cohort (n=187). In a subset of mothers, we measured 3-PBA during the first, second, and third trimester (n=21) to assess variability across pregnancy. We examined associations between third trimester 3-PBA concentrations and children’s scores on the Mental Development Index (MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index (PDI) from the Bayley Scales for Infant Development (BSID-IIS) at 24 and 36 months of age.
3-PBA was detected in 46% of all urine samples, with similar detection rates and geometric mean concentrations across pregnancy among the 21 participants who provided repeat samples. Participants in the medium and high 3-PBA categories (≥LOD) had lower MDI scores at 24 months compared to those in the low 3-PBA category (<LOD) after adjustment for covariates (ptrend=0.07), with slightly stronger associations among female children. The 3-level categorical variable for third trimester in utero 3-PBA was not associated with MDI scores at 36 months, or with PDI scores at either time point.
Considering the widespread agricultural and residential use of pyrethroids worldwide and the implications of cognitive and behavioral deficits, our findings indicate that additional study of in utero pyrethroid exposure and neurodevelopment in a larger study population is needed.
•Pyrethroid use has increased worldwide, resulting in extensive human exposure.•We examined in utero 3-PBA levels in relation to BSID-IIS scores at 2 and 3 years.•Participants with 3-PBA≥LOD had lower MDI scores at 2 years compared to those <LOD.•In utero 3-PBA levels were not associated with PDI scores at 2 or 3 years.•Additional study of in utero pyrethroid exposure and neurodevelopment is needed.
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Details
- Title
- Urinary 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) levels among pregnant women in Mexico City: Distribution and relationships with child neurodevelopment
- Creators
- Deborah J. Watkins - University of Michigan–Ann ArborGamola Z. Fortenberry - University of Michigan–Ann ArborBrisa N. Sánchez - University of Michigan–Ann ArborDana Boyd Barr - Emory UniversityParinya Panuwet - Emory UniversityLourdes Schnaas - Division of Research on Public Health, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico.Erika Osorio-Valencia - Division of Research on Public Health, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Mexico.Maritsa Solano-González - Instituto Nacional de Salud PúblicaAdrienne S. Ettinger - Yale UniversityMauricio Hernández-Ávila - Instituto Nacional de Salud PúblicaHoward Hu - University of TorontoMartha María Téllez-Rojo - Instituto Nacional de Salud PúblicaJohn D. Meeker - University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
- Publication Details
- Environmental research, v 147
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Resource Type
- Journal article
- Language
- English
- Academic Unit
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics
- Web of Science ID
- WOS:000374275700037
- Scopus ID
- 2-s2.0-84958961830
- Other Identifier
- 991020099651004721
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- Collaboration types
- Domestic collaboration
- International collaboration
- Web of Science research areas
- Environmental Sciences
- Public, Environmental & Occupational Health